References

Bengtsson, L., M. Botzet, and M. Esch, 1995:

Hurricane-type vortices in a general circulation model. Tellus, 47A, 1751-1796.

Bengtsson, L., M. Botzet, and M. Esch, 1996:

Will greenhouse gas-induced warming over the next 50 years lead to higher frequency and greater intensity of hurricanes? Tellus, 48A, 57-73.

Boer, G.J., N.A. McFarlane, and M. Lazare, 1992:

Greenhouse gas-induced climate change simulated with the CCC second-generation general circulation model. J. Climate, 5, 1045-1077.

Boer, G.J., 1993:

Climate change and the regulation of the surface moisture and energy budgets. Clim. Dyn., 8, 225-239.

Boer, G.J., G. Flato, C. Reader, and D. Ramsden, 1997:

A transient climate change simulation with historical and projected greenhouse gas and aerosol forcing (to be submitted).

Colman, R.A., S.B. Power, B.J. McAvaney, and R.R. Dahni, 1995:

A non-flux corrected transient CO₂ experiment using the BMRC coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3047-3050.

Cubasch, U., K. Hasselmann, H. Hock, E. Maier-Reimer, U. Mikolajewicz, B.D. Santer, and R. Sausen, 1992:

Time dependent greenhouse warming computations with a coupled ocean atmosphere model. Clim. Dyn., 8, 55-69.

Flato, G., G.J. Boer, W.G. Lee, N.A. McFarlane, D. Ramsden, C. Reader, and A. Weaver, 1997:

The CCCma Global Coupled Model and its control climate (to be submitted).

Gordon, H.B. and B. Hunt, 1994:

Climate variability within an equilibrium greenhouse simulation. Clim. Dyn., 9, 195-212.

Gordon, H.B., P.H. Whetton, A.B. Pittock, A.M. Fowler, and M.R. Haylock, 1992:

Simulated changes in daily rainfall intensity due to enhanced greenhouse effect: implications for extreme rainfall events. Clim. Dyn., 8, 83-102.

Gordon, H.B. and S.P. O'Farrell, 1997:

Transient climate change in the CSIRO coupled model with dynamical sea ice. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 875-901.

Hansen, J., A. Lacis, D. Rind, G. Russell, P. Stone, I. Fung, R. Ruedy, and J. Lerner, 1984:

Climate Sensitivity: Analysis of feedback mechanisms. In: Climate Processes and Climate Sensitivity [Hansen, J.E. and T. Takahashi (eds.)]. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 130-163.

Hasselmann, K., L. Bengtsson, U. Cubasch, G.C. Hegerl, H. Rodhe, E. Roeckner, H. von Storch, R. Voss, and J. Waszkewitz, 1995:

Detection of anthropogenic climate change using a fingerprint method. Proceedings of Modern Dynamic Meteorology Symposium in honour of Aksel Wiin-Nielsen [Ditlevsen, P. (ed.)]. ECMWF Press.

IPCC, 1994b:

IPCC Technical Guidelines for Assessing Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations. Prepared by IPCC Working Group II [Carter, T.R., M.L. Parry, H. Harasawa, and S. Nishioka (eds.)] and WMO/UNEP. University College, London, United Kingdom, and Center for Global Environmental Research, Tsukuba, Japan, 59 pp.

Manabe, S. and R.T. Wetherald, 1987:

Large scale changes of soil wetness induced by an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1211-1235.

Manabe, S., R.J. Stouffer. M.J. Spelman, and K. Bryan, 1991:

Transient responses of a coupled ocean atmosphere model to gradual changes of atmospheric CO₂. Part I - Annual mean response. J. Climate, 4, 785-818.

Manabe, S., M.J. Spelman, and R.J. Stouffer, 1992:

Transient responses of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model to gradual changes in atmospheric CO₂. Part II - Seasonal response. J. Climate, 5, 105-126.

McFarlane, N.A., G.J. Boer, J.P. Blanchet, and M. Lazare, 1992:

The Canadian Climate Centre second general circulation model and its equilibrium climate. J. Climate, 5, 1013-1044.

Meehl, G.A. and W.M. Washington, 1990:

CO₂ climate sensitivity and snow - sea ice albedo parameterization in an atmospheric GCM coupled to a mixed layer ocean model. Climatic Change, 16, 283-306.

Meehl, G.A., G.W. Branstator, and W.M. Washington, 1993:

Tropical Pacific interannual variability and CO₂ climate change. J. Climate, 6, 42-63.

Meehl, G.A., 1996:

Vulnerability of fresh water resources to climate change in the tropical Pacific region. J. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 92, 203-213.

Meehl, G.A. and W.M. Washington, 1996:

El Nino-like climate change in a model with increased CO₂ concentrations. Nature, 382, 56-60.

Mitchell, J.F.B. and D.A. Warrilow, 1987:

Summer dryness in northern mid-latitude due to increased CO₂. Nature, 330, 238-240.

Mitchell, J.F.B., C.A. Senior, and W.J. Ingram, 1989:

CO₂ and climate: A missing feedback? Nature, 341, 132-134.

Mitchell, J.F.B. and T.J. Johns, 1996:

Sensitivity of regional and seasonal climate to transient forcing by CO₂ and aerosols. J. Climate, 10, 245-267.

Murphy, J.M., 1995:

Transient response of the Hadley Centre coupled model to increasing carbon dioxide. Part II - Analysis of global mean response using simple models. J. Climate, 8, 496-514.

Murphy, J. and J.F.B. Mitchell, 1995:

Transient response of the Hadley Centre coupled model to increasing carbon dioxide. Part II - Temporal and spatial evolution of patterns. J. Climate, 8, 57-80.

Noda, A. and T. Tokioka, 1989:

The effect of doubling the CO₂ concentration on convective and non-convective precipitation in a general circulation model coupled with a simple mixed layer ocean. J. Met. Soc. Japan, 67, 1055-1067.

Schlesinger, M.E. and Z.C. Zhao, 1989:

Seasonal climate changes induced by doubled CO₂ as simulated in the OSU atmospheric GCM/mixed layer ocean model. J. Climate, 2, 459-495.

Senior, C.A., 1995:

The dependence of climate sensitivity on the horizontal resolution of a GCM. J. Climate, 8, 2860-2880.

Tokioka, T., A. Noda, A. Kitoh, Y. Nikaidou, S. Nakagawa, T. Motoi, S. Yukimoto, and T. Takata, 1995:

A transient CO₂ experiment with the MRI CGCM-quick report. J. Met. Soc. Japan, 74(4), 817-826.

Washington, W.M. and G.A. Meehl, 1984:

Seasonal cycle experiment on the climate sensitivity due to a doubling of CO₂ with an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean model. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 9475-9503.

Washington, W.M. and G.A. Meehl, 1993:

Greenhouse sensitivity experiments with penetrative convection and tropical cirrus albedo effects. Clim. Dyn., 8, 211-223.

Washington, W.M. and G.A. Meehl, 1996:

High latitude climate change in a global coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice model with increased atmospheric CO₂. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12795-12801.

Watterson, I.G., M.R. Dix, H.B. Gordon, and J.L. McGregor, 1995:

The CSIRO 9-level atmospheric general circulation model and its equilibrium present and doubled CO₂ climates. Aust. Met. Mag., 44, 111-125.

Wetherald, R.T. and S. Manabe, 1988:

Cloud feedback processes in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1397-1415.

Whetton, P.H., A.M. Fowler, M.R. Haylock, and A.B. Pittock, 1993:

Implications of climate change due to the enhanced greenhouse effect on floods and droughts in Australia. Climatic Change, 25, 289-317.

Wilson, C.A. and J.F.B. Mitchell, 1987:

A doubled CO₂ climate sensitivity experiment with a global climate model including a simple ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 13315-13343.

IPCC Homepage