14.4.3 Cross-sectoral Adaptation to Climate Change
Trends in inequality, resource consumption and depletion, environmental degradation,
population growth and ill-health are closely interrelated (McMichael, 1995;
Dasgupta, 1995; see Section 14.3) and will strongly interact
with potential climate change impacts (Petersen et al., 1998). Such problems
cannot be effectively addressed solely by implementing improved intersectoral
(energy, agriculture) or public health technologies. Cross-sectoral policies
that promote ecologically sustainable development and address underlying driving
forces will be essential.
Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development describe a
comprehensive approach to ecologically sustainable development incorporating
cross-sectoral policies. Economic sectors, such as industry, agriculture, energy,
transport and tourism, must take responsibility for the impact of their activities
on social and ecological systems. National and local strategies for sustainable
development should be completed in all countries, in accordance with Local Agenda
21 principles. The empowerment and the full and equal participation of women
in all spheres of society, including the decision-making process, are necessary
(UN, 1996). Rich countries should fulfil their commitments to reach the United
Nations target of 0.7 per cent of gross national product devoted to international
development assistance as soon as possible (UN, 1997).
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