| AABW |
Antarctic Bottom Water |
| AAO |
Antarctic Oscillation |
| ABL |
Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| ACC |
Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
| ACE |
Aerosol Characterisation Experiment |
| ACRIM |
Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor |
| ACSYS |
Arctic Climate System Study |
| ACW |
Antarctic Circumpolar Wave |
| AEROCE |
Atmosphere Ocean Chemistry Experiment |
| AGAGE |
Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment |
| AGCM |
Atmospheric General Circulation Model |
| AGWP |
Absolute Global Warming Potential |
| AMIP |
Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project |
| ANN |
Artificial Neural Networks |
| AO |
Arctic Oscillation |
| AOGCM |
Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model |
| ARESE |
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Enhanced Shortwave Experiment |
| ARGO |
Part of the Integrated Global Observation Strategy |
| ARM |
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement |
| ARPEGE/OPA |
Action de Recherche Petite Echelle Grande Echelle/Océan Parallélisé |
| ASHOE/MAESA |
Airborne Southern Hemisphere Ozone Experiment/Measurement for Assessing
the Effects of Stratospheric Aircraft |
| AVHRR |
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer |
| AWI |
Alfred Wegener Institute (Germany) |
| BAHC |
Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle |
| BC |
Black Carbon |
| BERN2D |
Two-dimensional Climate Model of University of Bern |
| BIOME 6000 |
Global Palaeo-vegetation Mapping Project |
| BMRC |
Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre (Australia) |
| CART |
Classification and Tree Analysis |
| CCA |
Canonical Correlation Analysis |
| CCC(ma) |
Canadian Centre for Climate (Modelling and Analysis) (Canada) |
| CCM |
Community Climate Model |
| CCMLP |
Carbon Cycle Model Linkage Project |
| CCN |
Cloud Condensation Nuclei |
| CCSR |
Centre for Climate System Research (Japan) |
| CERFACS |
European Centre for Research and Advanced Training in Scientific Computation
(France) |
| CIAP |
Climate Impact Assessment Program |
| CLIMAP |
Climate: Long-range Investigation, Mapping and Prediction |
| CLIMBER |
Climate-Biosphere Model |
| CLIMPACTS |
Integrated Model for Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change on the
New Zealand Environment |
| CMAP |
CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation |
| CMDL |
Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory of NOAA (USA) |
| CMIP |
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project |
| CNRM |
Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (France) |
| CNRS |
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) |
| COADS |
Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set |
| COHMAP |
Co-operative Holocene Mapping Project |
| COLA |
Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (USA) |
| COSAM |
Comparison of Large-scale Atmospheric Sulphate Aerosol Model |
| COSMIC |
Country Specific Model for Intertemporal Climate |
| COWL |
Cold Ocean Warm Land |
| CPC |
Climate Prediction Center of NOAA (USA) |
| CRF |
Cloud Radiative Forcing |
| CRU |
Climatic Research Unit of UEA (UK) |
| CRYOSat |
Cryosphere Satellite |
| CSG |
Climate Scenario Generator |
| CSIRO |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia) |
| CSM |
Climate System Model |
| CTM |
Chemistry Transport Model |
| DARLAM |
CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research Limited Area Model |
| DDC |
Data Distribution Centre of IPCC |
| DGVM |
Dynamic Global Vegetation Model |
| DERF |
Dynamical Extended Range Forecasting group of GFDL (USA) |
| DIC |
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon |
| DJF |
December, January, February |
| DKRZ |
Deutsche KlimaRechenZentrum (Germany) |
| DMS |
Dimethylsulfide |
| DMSP |
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program |
| DNM |
Department of Numerical Mathematics (Russia) |
| DOC |
Dissolved Organic Carbon |
| DOE |
Department of Energy (USA) |
| DORIS |
Determination d’Orbite et Radiopositionnement Intégrés par Satellite |
| DRF |
Direct Radiative Forcing |
| DTR |
Diurnal Temperature Range |
| DYNAMO |
Dynamics of North Atlantic Models |
| EBM |
Energy Balance Model |
| ECHAM |
ECMWF/MPI AGCM |
| ECMWF |
European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting |
| ECS |
Effective Climate Sensitivity |
| EDGAR |
Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research |
| EISMINT |
European Ice Sheet Modelling initiative |
| EMDI |
Ecosystem Model/Data Intercomparison |
| EMIC |
Earth system Models of Intermediate Complexity |
| ENSO |
El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| EOF |
Empirical Orthogonal Function |
| EOS |
Earth Observing System |
| ERA |
ECMWF Reanalysis |
| ERB |
Earth Radiation Budget |
| ERBE |
Earth Radiation Budget Experiment |
| ERBS |
Earth Radiation Budget Satellite |
| ESCAPE |
Evaluation of Strategies to Address Climate Change by Adapting to and
Preventing Emissions |
| ESMR |
Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer |
| EURECA |
European Retrievable Carrier |
| FACE |
Free Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment |
| FAO |
Food and Agriculture Organisation (UN) |
| FCCC |
Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| FDH |
Fixed Dynamical Heating |
| FF |
Fossil Fuel |
| FPAR |
Plant-absorbed Fraction of Incoming Photosynthetically Active Radiation |
| FSU |
Former Soviet Union |
| GASP |
Global Assimilation and Prediction |
| GCIP |
GEWEX Continental-scale International Program |
| GCM |
General Circulation Model |
| GCOS |
Global Climate Observing System |
| GCR |
Galactic Cosmic Ray |
| GDP |
Gross Domestic Product |
| GEBA |
Global Energy Balance Archive |
| GEIA |
Global Emissions Inventory Activity |
| GEISA |
Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmosphériques |
| GEWEX |
Global Energy and Water cycle Experiment |
| GFDL |
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (USA) |
| GHCN |
Global Historical Climate Network |
| GHG |
Greenhouse Gas |
| GIM |
Global Integration and Modelling |
| GISP |
Greenland Ice Sheet Project |
| GISS |
Goddard Institute for Space Studies (USA) |
| GISST |
Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature |
| GLOSS |
Global Sea Level Observing System |
| GOALS |
Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System |
| GPCP |
Global Precipitation Climatology Project |
| GPP |
Gross Primary Production |
| GPS |
Global Positioning System |
| GRACE |
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment |
| GRIP |
Greenland Ice Core Project |
| GSFC |
Goddard Space Flight Center (USA) |
| GSWP |
Global Soil Wetness Project |
| GUAN |
GCOS Upper Air Network |
| GWP |
Global Warming Potential |
| HadCM |
Hadley Centre Coupled Model |
| HIRETYCS |
High Resolution Ten-Year Climate Simulations |
| HITRAN |
High Resolution Transmission Molecular Absorption Database |
| HLM |
High Latitude Mode |
| HNLC |
High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll |
| HRBM |
High Resolution Biosphere Model |
| IAHS |
International Association of Hydrological Science |
| IAP |
Institute of Atmospheric Physics (China) |
| IASB |
Institut d’Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (Belgium) |
| IBIS |
Integrated Biosphere Simulator |
| ICESat |
Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite |
| ICSI |
International Commission on Snow and Ice |
| ICSU |
International Council of Scientific Unions |
| IGAC |
International Global Atmospheric Chemistry |
| IGBP |
International Geosphere Biosphere Programme |
| IGCR |
Institute for Global Change Research (Japan) |
| IHDP |
International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change
|
| IMAGE |
Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment |
| IN |
Ice Nuclei |
| INDOEX |
Indian Ocean Experiment |
| IOC |
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission |
| IPCC |
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IPO |
Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation |
| IPSL-CM |
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Vegetation Model |
| ISAM |
Integrated Science Assessment Model |
| ISCCP |
International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project |
| ISLSCP |
International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project |
| ITCZ |
Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone |
| IUPAC |
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |
| JGOFS |
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study |
| JJA |
June, July, August |
| JMA |
Japan Meteorological Agency (Japan) |
| JPL |
Jet Propulsion Laboratory of NASA (USA) |
| KNMI |
Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (Netherlands) |
| LAI |
Leaf Area Index |
| LASG |
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (China) |
| LBA |
Large-scale Biosphere-atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia |
| LGGE |
Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement (France) |
| LGM |
Last Glacial Maximum |
| LLNL |
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (USA) |
| LMD |
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (France) |
| LOSU |
Level of Scientific Understanding |
| LPJ |
Land-Potsdam-Jena Terrestrial Carbon Model |
| LSAT |
Land Surface Air Temperature |
| LSG |
Large-Scale Geostrophic Ocean Model |
| LSP |
Land Surface Parameterisation |
| LT |
Lifetime |
| LWP |
Liquid Water Path |
| MAGICC |
Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse-gas Induced Climate Change |
| MAM |
March, April, May |
| MARS |
Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines |
| MGO |
Main Geophysical Observatory (Russia) |
| MJO |
Madden-Julian Oscillation |
| ML |
Mixed Layer |
| MLOPEX |
Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment |
| MODIS |
Moderate Resoluting Imaging Spectroradiometer |
| MOGUNTIA |
Model of the General Universal Tracer Transport in the Atmosphere |
| MOM |
Modular Ocean Model |
| MOZART |
Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers |
| MPI |
Max-Plank Institute for Meteorology (Germany) |
| MRI |
Meteorological Research Institute (Japan) |
| MSLP |
Mean Sea Level Pressure |
| MSU |
Microwave Sounding Unit |
| NADW |
North Atlantic Deep Water |
| NAO |
North Atlantic Oscillation |
| NARE |
North Atlantic Regional Experiment |
| NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (USA) |
| NBP |
Net Biome Production |
| NCAR |
National Center for Atmospheric Research (USA) |
| NCC |
National Climate Centre (China) |
| NCDC |
National Climatic Data Center of NOAA (USA) |
| NCEP |
National Centers for Environmental Prediction of NOAA (USA) |
| NDVI |
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index |
| NEP |
Net Ecosystem Production |
| NESDIS |
National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service of NOAA
(USA) |
| NIC |
National Ice Center of NOAA (USA) |
| NIED |
National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention
(Japan) |
| NIES |
National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan) |
| NMAT |
Night Marine Air Temperature |
| NMHC |
Non-Methane Hydrocarbon |
| NOAA |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) |
| NPP |
Net Primary Production |
| NPZD |
Nutrients, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and Detritus |
| NRC |
National Research Council (USA) |
| NRL |
Naval Research Laboratory (USA) |
| NWP |
Numerical Weather Prediction |
| OC |
Organic Carbon |
| OCMIP |
Ocean Carbon-cycle Model Intercomparison Project |
| OCS |
Organic Carbonyl Sulphide |
| OGCM |
Ocean General Circulation Model |
| OLR |
Outgoing Long-wave Radiation |
| OPYC |
Ocean Isopycnal GCM |
| OxComp |
Tropospheric Oxidant Model Comparison |
| PC |
Principal Component |
| PCM |
Parallel Climate Model |
| PDF |
Probability Density Function |
| PDO |
Pacific Decadal Oscillation |
| PEM |
Pacific Exploratory Missions |
| PFT |
Plant Functional Type |
| PGR |
Post-Glacial Rebound |
| PhotoComp |
Ozone Photochemistry Model Comparison |
| PICASSO |
Pathfinder Instruments for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observations |
| PIK |
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (Germany) |
| PILPS |
Project for the Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterisation Schemes |
| PIUB |
Physics Institute University of Bern (Switzerland) |
| PMIP |
Palaeoclimate Model Intercomparison Project |
| PNA |
Pacific-North American |
| PNNL |
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (USA) |
| POC |
Particulate Organic Carbon |
| POLDER |
Polarisation and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances |
| POPCORN |
Photo-Oxidant Formation by Plant Emitted Compounds and OH Radicals in
North-eastern Germany |
| PSMSL |
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level |
| PT |
Perturbation Lifetime |
| QBO |
Quasi-Biennial Oscillation |
| RAMS |
Regional Atmospheric Modelling System |
| RCM |
Regional Climate Model |
| RIHMI |
Research Institute for Hydrometeorological Information |
| SAGE |
Stratospheric Aerosol & Gas Experiment |
| SAR |
IPCC Second Assessment Report |
| SAT |
Surface Air Temperature |
| SBUV |
Solar Backscatter Ultra Violet |
| SCAR-B |
Smoke Cloud and Radiation-Brazil |
| SCE |
Snow Cover Extent |
| SCENGEN |
Scenario Generator |
| SCSWP |
Small-scale Severe Weather Phenomena |
| SDD |
Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling |
| SDGVM |
Sheffield Dynamic Global Vegetation Model |
| SEFDH |
Seasonally Evolving Fixed Dynamical Heating |
| SHEBA |
Surface Heat Balance of the Arctic Ocean |
| SHI |
State Hydrological Institute (Russia) |
| SIMIP |
Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project |
| SIO |
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (USA) |
| SLP |
Sea Level Pressure |
| SMMR |
Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer |
| SOA |
Secondary Organic Aerosol |
| SOC |
Southampton Oceanography Centre (UK) |
| SOHO |
Solar Heliospheric Observatory |
| SOI |
Southern Oscillation Index |
| SOLSTICE |
Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment |
| SON |
September, October, November |
| SONEX |
Subsonic Assessment Program Ozone and Nitrogen Oxide Experiment |
| SOS |
Southern Oxidant Study |
| SPADE |
Stratospheric Photochemistry, Aerosols, and Dynamics Expedition |
| SPARC |
Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate |
| SPCZ |
South Pacific Convergence Zone |
| SRES |
IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios |
| SSM/T-2 |
Special Sensor Microwave Water Vapour Sounder |
| SSM/I |
Special Sensor Microwave/Imager |
| SST |
Sea Surface Temperature |
| SSU |
Stratospheric Sounding Unit |
| STRAT |
Stratospheric Tracers of Atmospheric Transport |
| SUCCESS |
Subsonic Aircraft Contrail and Cloud Effects Special Study |
| SUNGEN |
State University of New York at Albany/NCAR Global Environmental and Ecological
Simulation of Interactive Systems |
| SUSIM |
Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor |
| TAR |
IPCC Third Assessment Report |
| TARFOX |
Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment |
| TBFRA |
Temperate and Boreal Forest Resource Assessment |
| TBO |
Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation |
| TCR |
Transient Climate Response |
| TEM |
Terrestrial Ecosystem Model |
| TEMPUS |
Sea Surface Temperature Evolution Mapping Project based on Alkenone Stratigraphy |
| THC |
Thermohaline Circulation |
| TMR |
TOPEX Microwave Radiometer |
| TOA |
Top of the Atmosphere |
| TOMS |
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer |
| TOPEX/POSEIDON |
US/French Ocean Topography Satellite Altimeter Experiment |
| TOVS |
Television Infrared Observation Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder |
| TPI |
Trans Polar Index |
| TRIFFID |
Top-down Representation of Interactive Foliage and Flora Including Dynamics |
| TSI |
Total Solar Irradiance |
| UARS |
Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite |
| UCAM |
University of Cambridge (UK) |
| UCI |
University of California at Irvine (USA) |
| UD/EB |
Upwelling Diffusion-Energy Balance |
| UEA |
University of East Anglia (UK) |
| UGAMP |
University Global Atmospheric Modelling Project |
| UIO |
Universitetet I Oslo (Norway) |
| UIUC |
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (USA) |
| UKHI |
United Kingdom High-resolution climate model |
| UKMO |
United Kingdom Met Office (UK) |
| UKTR |
United Kingdom Transient climate experiment |
| ULAQ |
Università degli studi dell’Aquila (Italy) |
| UM |
Unified Model |
| UNEP |
United Nations Environment Programme |
| UNESCO |
United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation |
| UNFCCC |
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| USSR |
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
| UTH |
Upper Tropospheric Humidity |
| UV |
Ultraviolet radiation |
| UVic |
University of Victoria (Canada) |
| VIRGO |
Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations |
| VLM |
Vertical Land Movement |
| VOC |
Volatile Organic Compounds |
| WAIS |
West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
| WASA |
Waves and Storms in the North Atlantic |
| WAVAS |
Water Vapour Assessment |
| WBCs |
Western Boundary Currents |
| WCRP |
World Climate Research Programme |
| WMGGs |
Well-Mixed Greenhouse Gases |
| WMO |
World Meteorological Organization |
| WOCE |
World Ocean Circulation Experiment |
| WP |
Western Pacific |
| WRE |
Wigley, Richels and Edmonds |
| YONU |
Yonsei University (Korea) |