|
References
Aas, B. and T. Faarlund, 1995: Forest limit development in Norway, with
special regard to the 20th century. AmS-Varia, 24, 89–100.
Abakumova, G.M., E.M. Feigelson, V. Russak, and V.V. Stadnik, 1996: Evaluation
of long-term changes in radiation, cloudiness and surface temperature on the
territory of the Former Soviet Union. Journal of Climate, 9, 1319–1327.
Abegg, B. and R. Froesch, 1994: Climate change and winter tourism. In:
Mountain Environments in Changing Climates [Beniston, M. (ed.)]. Routledge,
London, United Kingdom, pp. 328–348.
Agnew, M.D. and J.E. Thornes, 1995: The weather sensitivity of the UK
food retail and distribution industry. Meteorological Applications, 2,
137–147.
Alcamo, J., G.J. van den Born, A.F. Bouwman, B.J. de Haan, K. Klein,
Goldewijk, O. Klepper, J. Krabec, R. Leemans, J.G.J. Olivier, A.M.C. Toet, H.J.M.
de Vries, and H.J. van der Woerd, 1994: Modeling the global society-biosphere-climate
system, part 2: computed scenarios. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 76,
37–78.
Alexandrov, V., 1997: Vulnerability of agronomic systems in Bulgaria.
Climatic Change, 36, 135–149.
Alexandrov, V., 1998: A strategy evaluation of irrigation management
of maize crop under climate change in Bulgaria. In: Proceedings of the Second
International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August
1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 3, pp. 1545–1555.
Alexandrov, V., 1999: Vulnerability and adaptation of agronomic systems
in Bulgaria Climate Research, 12(2–3), 161–173.
Anisimov, O.A. and F.E. Nelson, 1996: Permafrost distribution in the
northern hemisphere under scenarios of climate change. Global and Planetary
Change, 14, 59–72.
Anisimov, O.A. and F.E. Nelson, 1997: Permafrost zonation and climatic
change in the northern hemisphere: results from transient general circulation
models. Climatic Change, 35, 241–258.
Antle, J.M., 1996: Methodological issues in assessing potential impacts
of climate change on agriculture. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 80,
67–85.
Armstrong, A.C. and D.A. Castle, 1992: Potential impacts of climate change
on patterns of production and the role of drainage in grassland. Grass and Forage
Science, 47, 50–61.
Armstrong, A.C., A.M. Matthews, A.M. Portwood, T.M. Addiscott, and P.B.
Leeds-Harrison, 1994: Modelling the effects of climate change on the hydrology
and water quality of structured soils. In: Soil Responses to Climate Change.
NATO ASI Series 23 [Rounsevell, M.D.A. and P.J. Loveland (eds.)]. Springer-Verlag,
Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 113–136.
Arnell, N.W., 1996: Global Warming, River Flows and Water Resources.
Wiley and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom.
Arnell, N.W., 1999: The effect of climate change on hydrological regimes
in Europe: a continental perspective. Global Environmental Change, 9,
5–23.
Arnell, N., 2000: Water resources. In: Assessment of Potential Effects
and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project [Parry,
M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia, Norwich,
United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Arnell, N.W. and N.S. Reynard, 1996: The effects of climate change due
to global warming on river flows in Great Britain. Journal of Hydrology, 183,
397–424.
Arnell, N.W. and N.S. Reynard, 1999: Climate change and British hydrology.
In: The Hydrology of the UK [Acreman, M.C. (ed.)]. Routledge, London, United
Kingdom, pp. 3–29..
Arnell, N., W. Grabs, M. Mimikou, A. Shumann, N.S. Reynard, Z. Kaczmarek,
V. Oancea, J. Buchtele, L. Kasparek, S. Blazkova, O. Starosolszky, and A. Kuzin,,
1999: Effects of Climate Change on Hydrological Regimes and Water Resources
in Europe. Projects EV5V-CT93-0293 and EV5V-CT94-0114, summary brochure, European
Commission, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Auger, C., 1994: The impacts of sea-level rise on Rochefort sur Mer,
France. In: Global Climate Change and the Rising Challenge of the Sea: Proceedings
of the third IPCC CZMS workshop, Margarita Island, March 1992 [O’Callahan, J.
(ed.)]. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD,
USA, pp. 317–328.
Baarse, G., E.B. Peerbolte, and L. Bijlsma, 1994: Assessment of the vulnerability
of The Netherlands to sea-level rise. In: Global Climate Change and the Rising
Challenge of the Sea: Proceedings of the Third IPCC CZMS Workshop, Margarita
Island, March 1992 [O’Callahan, J. (ed.)]. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA, pp. 211–236.
Bailey, R.S. and J.H. Steele, 1992: North Sea herring fluctuations. In:
Climate Variability, Climate Change, and Fisheries [Glantz, M.H. (ed.)]. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
Balderi, M., A. Tamburro, G. Sabatinelli, R. Romi, C. Severini, G. Cuccagna,
G. Fiorilli, M.P. Allegri, C. Buriani, and M. Toti, 1998: Malaria in Maremma,
Italy. Lancet, 351, 1246–1247.
Bálint, G. and M. Butina, 1997: Application of the HBV model for the
simulation of hydrological consequences of climate change in the Lielupe River
basin in Latvia. In: Proceedings of the Baltic States Hydrology Conference,
Hydrology and Environment, May, 1997, Kaunas, Lithuania [Gailiusis, D. (ed.)].
Lietuvos Energetikos Institutas, Kaunas, Lithuania, pp. 23–28.
Bálint, G. and B. Gauzer, 1994: A rainfall ruoff model as a tool to investigate
the impact of climate change. In: Proceedings, XVIIth Conference of Danube Countries,
Budapest, 5-9 September 1994 [Hegedus, M. (ed.)]. Paper No. 3.3, Hungarian National
Committee for IHP/UNESCO and OHP/WMO, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 471–479.
Ball, J.H., M.J. Clark, M.B. Collins, S. Gao, A. Ingham, and A. Ulph,
1991: The Economic Consequences of Sea-Level Rise on the Central Coast of England.
Unpublished report to the UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, Geodata
Unit, University of Southampton, 2 volumes.
Baudiere, A. and T. Gauquelin, 1998: Evolution récente des formations
superficielles et de la végétation associée sur les hautes terres catalanes.
In: Procesos Biofisicos Actuales en Medios Frios [Gomez, A., (ed.)]. Publicaciones
de la Universidad de Barcelona, Spain, pp. 27–412 (in French).
Baudiere, A. and L. Serve, 1974: Les groupements oromediterraneenes des
Pyrenees orientales et leurs relations avec les groupements similaires de la
Sierra Nevada. In: La Flore du Bassin Mediterranean: Essai de Systematique Synthetique.
Coll. Int. CNRS No. 235, Montpelier, France, pp. 457–468 (in French).
Beek, K.J., W.A. Blokhuis, P.M. Driessen, N. van Breemen, R. Brinkman,
and L.J. Pons, 1980: Problem soils: their reclamation and management. In: Land
Reclamation and Water Management: Developments, Problems and Challenges. International
Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement (ILRI), Publication 27, International
Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp. 43–72.
Behr, O., 1998: Possible climate impacts on the water resources of the
Danube river basin. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on
Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius
(eds.)]. Vol. 2, pp. 829-838.
Beniston, M., 2000: Environmental Change in Mountains and Uplands. Arnold/Hodder
and Stoughton/Chapman and Hall Publishers, London, United Kingdom, 200 pp.
Beniston, M., D.G. Fox, S. Adhikary, R. Andressen, A. Guisan, J. Holten,
J. Innes, J. Maitima, M. Price, and L. Tessier, 1996: The impacts of climate
change on mountain regions. In: Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptions, and
Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses. Contribution of
Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report for the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera, and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 191–213.
Beniston, M., A. Ohmura, M. Rotach, P. Tschuck, M. Wild, and M.R. Marinucci,
1995: Simulation of climate trends over the Alpine Region. In: Development of
a Physically-Based Modeling System for Application to Regional Studies of Current
and Future Climate. Final Scientific Report No. 4031-33250, Swiss National Science
Foundation, Bern, Switzerland.
Beniston, M., R.S.J. Tol, R. Delcolle, G. Hörmann, A. Iglesias, J. Innes,
A.J. McMichael, A.J.M. Martens, I. Nemesova, R.J. Nicholls, and F.L. Toth, 1998:
Europe. In: The Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability.
Special Report of IPCC Working Group II [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera, and R.H.
Moss (eds.)]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 149–185.
Bennett, G., 1970: Bristol floods 1968: controlled survey of effects
on health of local community disaster. British Medical Journal, 3, 454–458.
Bentham, G. and I.H. Langford, 1995: Climate change and the incidence
of food poisoning in England and Wales. International Journal of Biometeorology,
39, 81–86.
Berg, B., M.P. Berg, E. Box, P. Bottner, A. Breymeyer, R. Calvo de Anta,
M.M. Couteaux, A. Gallardo, A. Escudero, W. Kratz, M. Medeira, C. McClaugherty,
V. Meentemeyer, F. Muñoz, P. Piussi, J. Remacle, and A. Virzo de Santo, 1993:
Litter mass loss in pine forests of Europe: relationship with climate and litter
quality. In: Geography of Organic Matter Production and Decay [Breymeyer, A.,
A. Krawczyk, B. Kulikowski, R.J. Solon, M. Rosciszewski, and B. Jaworska (eds.)].
Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 81–109.
Berglund, J., K. Eitrem, A. Ornstein, A. Lindberg, H. Rigner, M. Elmrud,
A. Carlsson, C. Runehagen, A. Svanborg, and R. Norrby, 1995: An epidemiological
study of Lyme disease in southern Sweden. New England Journal of Medicine, 333,
1319–1327.
Berthold, P. and A.J. Helbig, 1992: The genetics of bird migration: stimulus,
timing and direction. Ibis, 134(1), 35–40.
Berthold, P., G. Mohr, and U. Querner, 1990: Control and evolutionary
potential of obligate partial migration: results of a two-way selective breeding
experiment with the blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla). Journal für Ornithologie,
131(1), 33–46.
Best, E.P.H., J.T.A. Verhoeven, and W.J. Wolff, 1993: The ecology of
the Netherlands wetlands: characteristics, threats, prospects and perspectives
for ecological research. Hydrobiologia, 265, 305–320.
Bhattacharya, N.C. and R.A. Geyer, 1993: Prospects of Agriculture in
a Carbon Dioxide-Enriched Environment. In: A Global Warming Forum: Scientific,
Economic and Legal Overview. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp. 487–505.
Bijlsma, L., C.N. Ehler, R.J.T. Klein, S.M. Kulshrestha, R.F. McLean,
N. Mimura, R.J. Nicholls, L.A. Nurse, H. Pérez Nieto, E.Z. Stakhiv, R.K. Turner,
and R.A. Warrick, 1996: Coastal zones and small islands. In: Climate Change
1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical
Analyses. Contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report of
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera,
and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
and New York, NY, USA, pp. 289–324.
Bindi, M., F. Ferrini, and F. Miglietta, 1992: Climatic change and the
shift in the cultivated area of olive trees. Journal of Agricultura Mediterranea,
22, 41–44.
Bindi, M. and L. Fibbi, 2000: Modelling climate change impacts at the
site scale on grapevine. In: Climate Change, Climate Variability, and Agriculture
in Europe: An Integrated Assessment [Downing, T.E., P.A. Harrison, R.E. Butterfield,
and K.G. Lonsdale (eds.)]. Research Report 21, Environmental Change Unit, University
of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, pp. 117–134.
Bindi, M., L. Fibbi, B. Gozzini, S. Orlandini, and F. Miglietta, 1996:
Modeling the impact of future climate scenarios on yield and yield variability
of grapevine. Climate Research, 7, 213–224.
Bindi, M. and J. Olesen, 2000: Agriculture. In: Assessment of Potential
Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project
[Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia,
Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Birks, H.J.B., 1989: Holocene isochrone maps and patterns of tree-spreading
in the British Isles. Journal of Biogeography, 16, 503–540.
Boardman, J., R. Evans, D.T. Favis-Mortlock, and T.M. Harris, 1990: Climate
change and soil erosion on agricultural land in England and Wales. Land Degradation
and Rehabilitation, 2, 95–106.
Bortenschlager, S., 1993: Das hochst gelegene Moor der Ostalpen “Moor
am Rofenberg” 2760 m. Dissertationes Botanicae,
196 (Festschrift Zoller), 329–334 (in German).
Botterweg, P., 1994: Modelling the effects of climate change on runoff
and erosion in central southern Norway. In: Conserving Soil Resources: European
Perspectives. Proceedings of the First International Conference, European Society
for Soil Conservation, 1993 [Rickson, R.J. (ed.)]. European Society for Soil
Conservation, pp. 273–285.
Bradbury, N.J. and D.S. Powlson, 1994: The potential impact of global
environmental change on nitrogen dynamics in arable systems. In: Soil Responses
to Climate Change [Rounsevell, M.D.A. and P.J. Loveland (eds.)]. NATO ASI Series
23, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 137–154.
Bradley, D.J., 1993: Human tropical diseases in a changing environment.
In: Environmental Change and Human Health. Ciba Foundation Symposium 175, Wiley
and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom, pp. 147–170.
Brander, K.M., 1997: Effects of climate change on cod (Gadus morhua)
stocks. In: Global Warming: Implications for Freshwater and Marine Fish [Wood,
C.M. and D.G. McDonald (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United
Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 255–278.
Brander, K.M., 2000: Detecting the effects of environmental change on
growth and recruitment in cod (Gadus morhua) using a comparative approach. Oceanologica
Acta, 23, 485–496.
Brázdil, R., M. Pudiková, I. Auer, R. Bohm, T. Cegnar, P. Tasko, M. Lapin,
M. Gajic-Capka, K. Zaninovic, E. Koleva, T. Niedzwiedz, S. Szalai, Z. Ustrnul,
and R.O. Weber, 1996: Trends of maximum and minimum daily temperatures in central
and southeastern Europe. International Journal of Climatology, 16, 765–782.
Briffa, K.R., T.S. Bartholin, D. Eckstein, P.D. Jones, W. Karlén, F.H.
Schweingruber, and P. Zetterberg, 1990: A 1,400-year tree-ring record of summer
temperatures in Fennoscandia. Nature, 346, 434–439.
Briffa, K.R., P.D. Jones, and M. Hulme, 1994: Summer moisture availability
across Europe, 1892–1991: an analysis based on the Palmer Drought Severity Index.
International Journal of Climatology, 14, 475–506.
Brinkman, R., 1990: Resilience against climate change? Soil minerals,
transformations and surface properties: EH and pH. In: Soils on a Warmer Earth
[Scharpenseel, H.W., M. Schomaker, and A. Ayoub (eds.)]. Elsevier, London, United
Kingdom, pp. 51–60.
Brock, T.C.M. W. van Vierssen, 1992: Climate change and hydrophyte-dominated
communities in inland wetland ecosystems. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2,
37–49.
Bruci, E.D. and M. Bicaj, 1998: Implication of the expected climate change
on the water resources in Albania. In: Proceedings of the Second International
Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä,
R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 3, pp. 1471–1477.
Brunetti, M., L. Buffoni, M. Maugeri, and T. Nanni, 2001: Trend of minimum
and maximum daily temperature in Italy from 1865 to 1996. Theoretical and Applied
Climatology, (in press).
Brunetti, M., M. Maugeri, and T. Nanni, 2000: Variations of temperature
and precipitation in Italy from 1866 to 1995. Theoretical and Applied Climatology,
65, 165–174.
Buffoni, L., M. Maugeri, and T. Nanni, 1999: Precipitation in Italy from
1833 to 1996. Theoretical and Applied Climatology,
63, 33–40.
Building Research Establishment, 1990: Assessment of damage in low rise
buildings. Building Research Establishment, BRE Digest 251, London, United Kingdom,
110 pp.
Bullock, P., E. Le Houérou, M.T. Hoffman, M.D.A. Rounsevell, J. Sehgal,
and G. Várallay, 1996: Land degradation and desertification. In: In: Climate
Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical
Analyses. Contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report of
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera,
and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
and New York, NY, USA, pp. 170–190.
Butina, M., G. Melnikova, and I. Stikute, 1998: Potential impact of climate
change on the hydrological regime in Latvia. In: Proceedings of the Second International
Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä,
R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 3, pp. 1610–1617.
Camill, P. and J.S. Clark, 1998: Climate change disequilibrium of boreal
permafrost peatlands caused by local processes. The American Naturalist, 151,
207–222.
Cannell, M.G.J., 1985: Analysis of risks of frost damage to forest trees
in Britain. In: Crop Physiology of Forest Trees [Tigerstedt, P.M.A., Puttonen,
P. and Koski, V. (eds.)]. Helsinki University Press, Helsinki, Finland, pp.
153–166.
Cannell, M.G.R. and Pitcairn, C.E.R., 1993: Impacts of the Mild Winters
and Hot Summers in the United Kingdom in 1988–1990. Department of the Environment,
HMSO, London, 154.
Cannell, M.G.R. and J.H.M. Thornley, 1998: N-poor ecosystems may respond
more to elevated CO2 than N-rich ones in the long term: a model analysis
of grassland. Global Change Biology, 4, 431–442. '
Cannon, R.J.C., 1998: The implications of predicted climate change for
insect pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species. Global Change
Biology, 4, 785–796.
Cao, M., K. Gregson, and S. Marshall, 1998: Global methane emission from
wetlands and its sensitivity to climate change. Atmospheric Environment, 32,
3293–3299.
Carnell, R.E. and C.A. Senior, 1998: Changes in mid-latitude variability
due to increasing greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. Climate Dynamics,
14, 369–383.
Carter, M.R. and B.A. Stewart, 1996: Structure and Organic Matter Storage
in Agricultural Soils. CRC Press, London, United Kingdom, 125 pp.
Carter, T.R., 1998: Changes in the thermal growing season in Nordic countries
during the past century and prospects for the future. Agricultural and Food
Science in Finland, 7, 161–179.
Carter, T.R., M.L. Parry, H. Harasawa, and S. Nishioka, 1994: IPCC Technical
Guidelines for Assessing Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations. University
College and Tsukuba University, London, United Kingdom and Tsukuba, Japan, 59
pp.
Carter, T.R., M. Posch, and H. Tuomenvirta, 1996a: The SILMU scenarios:
specifying Finland’s future climate for use in impact assessment. Geophysica,
32, 235–260.
Climate Change Impacts Review Group, 1991: The Potential Effects of Climate
Change in the UK. Department of the Environment, Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,
London, United Kingdom, 124 pp.
Climate Change Impacts Review Group, 1996: The Potential Effects of Climate
Change in the UK. Department of the Environment, Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,
London, United Kingdom, 247 pp.
Colacino, M. and M. Conte, 1993a: Greenhouse effect and pressure patterns
in the Mediterranean basin. Nuovo Cimento C, 16, 67–76.
Colacino, M. and M. Conte, 1993b: Clima Mediterraneo ed Incendi Boschivi.
Report 93-50, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica dell’Atmosfera,
Rome, Italy.
Cole, C.V., K. Paustian, E.T. Elliott, A.K. Metherell, D.S. Ojima, and
W.J. Parton, 1993: Analysis of agroecosystem carbon pools. Water, Air, and Soil
Pollution, 70, 357–371.
Consorzio Venezia Nuova, 1997: Measures for the Protection of Venice
and its Lagoon. Consorzio Venezia Nuova (concessionary of Ministry of Public
Works, Water Authority of Venice), Venice, Italy.
Cook, R.M., A. Sinclair, and G. Stefansson, 1997: Potential collapse
of North Sea cod stocks. Nature, 385, 521–522.
Cooper, G. and M.B. McGechan, 1996: Implications of an altered climate
for forage conservation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 79, 253–269.
Cooper, K., D.J. Parsons, and T. Demmers, 1998: A thermal balance model
for livestock buildings for use in climate change studies. Journal of Agricultural
Engineering Research, 69, 43–52.
Crick, H.Q.P. and T.H. Sparks, 1999: Climate change related to egg-laying
trends. Nature, 399, 423–424.
Crick, H.Q.P., C. Dudley, and D.E. Glue, 1997: UK birds are laying eggs
earlier. Nature, 399, 526.
Cuculeanu, V, A. Marica, and C. Simota, 1999: Climate change impact on
agricultural crops and adaptation options in Romania. Climate Research, 12
(2-3), 153–160.
Daamen, K., P. Krahe, and K. Wilke, 1998: Impacts of possible climate
change on the discharge in German low mountain range catchments. In: Proceedings
of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland,
17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 2, 805-819.
Dai, A., I.Y. Fung, and A.D. del Genio, 1997: Surface observed global
land precipitation variations during 1900–1988. Journal of Climate, 10,
2943–2962.
Davies, A., J. Shao, P. Brignall, R.D. Bardgett, M.L. Parry, and C.J.
Pollock, 1996: Specification of climatic sensitivity of forage maize to climate
change. Grass and Forage Science, 51, 306–317.
Davis, M.B., 1981: Quaternary history and the stability of forest communities.
In: Forest Succession [West, D.C., H.H. Shugart, and D.H. Botkin (eds.)]. Springer-Verlag,
New York, NY, USA, pp. 132–153.
Dedet, J.P., M. Lambert, and F. Pratlong, 1995: Leishmaniasis and HIV
infection. Presse Medicale, 24, 1036–1040.
de Gentile, L., H. Picot, P. Bourdeau, R. Bardet, A. Kerjan, M. Piriou,
A. le Guennic, C. Bayssade-Dufour, D. Chabasse, and K.E. Mott, 1995: La dermitate
cercarienne en Europe: un probleme de santé publique nouveau (Cercarial dermatitis
in Europe: a new public health problem). Bulletin of the.World Health Organization,
74(2), 159–163 (in French).
del Barrio, G. and E. Moreno, 2000: Background data and information for
the EEA report on biodiversity in Europe. In: Species and Habitats in Arid Lands
in the Mediterranean Parts of Europe. Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas.
Dent, D.L., 1986: Acid Sulphate Soils: A Baseline for Research and Development.
Publication 39, Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen,
The Netherlands, 45 pp.
de Ruig, J.H.M., 1998: Coastline management in The Netherlands: human
use versus natural dynamics. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 4, 127–134.
Dippner, J.W., 1997: Recruitment success of different fish stocks in
the North Sea in relation to climate variability. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift,
49, 277–293.
Dlugolecki, A. and G. Berz, 2000: Insurance. In: Assessment of Potential
Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project
[Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia,
Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Dregne, H.E., 1990: Impact of global warming on arid region soils. In:
Soils on a Warmer Earth [Scharpenseel, H.W., M. Schomaker, and A. Ayoub (eds.)].
Elsevier, London, United Kingdom, pp. 177–184.
Durand, M.H. (ed.), 1998: Global versus Local Changes in Upwelling Systems.
Collection Colloques et Séminaires. ORSTOM, Paris, France.
Dvorák, V., J. Hladny, and L. Kaspárek, 1997: Climate change hydrology
and water resources impact and adaptation for selected river basins in the Czech
Republic. Climatic Change, 36, 93–106.
Dyer, K. and T.J. Moffat, 1998: Fluxes of suspended matter in the East
Anglian Plume Southern North Sea. Continental Shelf Research, 18, 1311–1331.
Easterling, D.R., B. Horton, P.D. Jones, T.C. Peterson, T.R. Karl, D.E.
Parker, M.J. Salinger, V. Razuvayev, N. Plummer, P. Jameson, and C.K. Folland,
1997: Maximum and minimum temperature trends for the globe. Science, 277,
364–367.
Easterling, W.E., 1996: Adapting North American agriculture to climate
change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 80, 1–53.
Ebenhöh, W., H. Sterr, and F. Simmering, 1997: Potentielle Gefährdung
und Vulnerabilität der deutschen Nord- und Ostseeküste bei fortschreitenden
Klimawandel (Case Study Based on the Common Methodology of the IPCC Subgroup
B). Unpublished report, Hamburg, Germany, 138 pp. (in German).
ECSN, 1995: Climate of Europe: Recent Variation, Present State and Future
Prospects. KNMI, de Bilt, The Netherlands, 72 pp.
EEA, 1998: Europe’s Environment: The Second Assessment. European Environment
Agency/Elsevier, Copenhagen, Denmark, 293 pp.
Ellenberg, H., 1986: Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen. Ulmer, Stuttgart,
Germany, 4th. ed., 989 pp. (in German).
Emberlin, J., 1994: The effects of patterns in climate and pollen abundance
on allergy. Allergy, 94, 15–20.
European Commission, 1999: Towards a European Coastal Zone (ICZM) Strategy.
Office of Official Publications of the European Union, Luxembourg, 98 pp.
Evans, L.G., H. Eckersten, M.A. Semenov, and J.R. Porter, 1995: Modelling
the effects of climate change and climatic variability on crops at site scale:
effects on Willow. In: Climate Change and Agriculture in Europe: Assessment
of Impacts and Adaptations [Harrison, P.A., R. Butterfield, and T.E. Downing
(eds.)]. Resarch Report No. 9, Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford,
Oxford, United Kingdom, pp. 330–388.
FAOSTAT, 1998: On-Line and Multilingual Database. Food and Agriculture
Organization, Rome, Italy, 120 pp.
Farrar, J.F., 1996: Sinks, integral parts of a whole plant. Journal of
Experimental Botany, 47, 1273–1280.
Faunt, J.D., T.J. Wilkinson, P. Aplin, P. Henschke, M. Webb, and R.K.
Penhall, 1995: The effete in the heat: heat-related hospital presentations during
a ten day heat wave. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 25,
117–120.
Fischer, H., M. Werner, D. Wagenbach, M. Schwager, T. Thorsteinnson,
F. Wilhelms, and J. Kipfstuhl, 1998: Little ice age clearly recorded in northern
Greenland ice cores. Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 1749–1752.
Flather, R.A. and J.A. Smith, 1998: First estimates of changes in extreme
storm surge elevations due to the doubling of CO2. The Global Atmosphere
and Ocean System, 6, 193–208.
Flurry, M., J. Leuenberger, B. Studer, H. Flühler, W.A. Jury, and K.
Roth, 1994: Pesticide Transport through Unsaturated Field Soils: Preferential
Flow. CIBA Ltd., Basel, Switzerland, 293 pp.
Førland, E.J., H. Alexandersson, A. Drebs, I. Hanssen-Bauer, H. Vedin,
and O.E. Tveito, 1998: Trends in Maximum 1-Day Precipitation in the Nordic Region.
DNMI Report No. 14/98, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway, 55
pp.
Forchhammer, M.C., E. Post, and N.C. Stenseth, 1997: Breeding phenology
and climate. Nature, 391, 29–30.
Fraedrich, K. and K. Müller, 1992: Climate anomalies in Europe associated
with ENSO extremes. International Journal of Climatology, 12, 25–31.
Fraedrich, K., K. Müller, and R. Kuglin, 1992: Northern hemisphere circulation
regimes during extremes of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Tellus, 44A,
33–40.
Frasetto, R. (ed.), 1991: Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on Cities and Regions.
Proceedings of the First International Meeting ‘Cities on Water,’ December 1989,
Marsilio Editori, Venice, Italy.
Frei, C. and C. Schär, 1998: A precipitation climatology of the Alps
from high-resolution rain-gauge observations. International Journal of Climatology,
18, 873–900.
Friedland, K.D., D.G. Reddin, and D.A. Dunkley, 1998: Marine temperatures
experienced by post-smolts and the survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar
L.) in the North Sea area. Fisheries Oceanography, 7, 22–34.
Fulford, M., T. Champion, and A. Long, 1997: England’s Coastal Heritage.
Archaeological Report 15, Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England
and English Nature, London, United Kingdom, 268 pp.
Furquay, J.W., 1989: Heat stress as it affects animal production. Journal
of Animal Science, 52,164–174.
Gabutti, G., G. Balestra, G. Flego, and P. Crovari, 1998: Visceral leishmaniasis
in Liguria, Italy. Lancet, 351, 1136.
Gavilán, R. and E. Fernández-González, 1997: Climatic discrimination
of Mediterranean broad-leaved sclerophyllous and deciduous forests in central
Spain. Journal of Vegetation Science, 8, 377–386.
Gellens, D., E. Roulin, and F. Gellens-Meulenberghs, 1998: Impact of
climate change on the water balance in the river Meuse basin (Belgium). In:
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo,
Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 2, pp.
820-828.
Giles, A.R. and A.H. Perry, 1998: The use of a temporal analogue to investigate
the possible impact of projected global warming on the UK tourist industry.
Tourism Management, 19, 75–80.
Goodman, R.M., H. Hauptli, A. Croosway, and V.C. Knauf, 1987: Gene transfer
in crop improvement. Science, 236, 48–54.
Goria, A., 1999: Impacts of climate change on migration in the Mediterranean
basin: environmental dimension of South-North migration and directions for future
policies. In: Proceedings of the Conference on the Impacts of Climate Change
on the Mediterranean Area: Regional Scenarios and Vulnerability Assessment,
Venice, 9–10 December, 1999. Venice, Italy, pp. 10–25.
Gothe, R., I. Nolte, and W. Kraft, 1997: Leishmaniasis of dogs in Germany:
epidemiological case analysis and alternative to conventional causal therapy.
Tierarztiche Praxis, 25, 68–73.
Gottfried, M., H. Pauli, and G. Grabherr, 1994: Die Alpen im “Treibhaus”:
Nachweis füer das erwarmungsbedingte Hohersteigen der alpinen und nivalen Vegetation.
Jahrbuch des Vereins zum Schutz der Bergwelt, 59, 13–27 (in German).
Gottfried, M., H. Pauli, K. Reiter, and G. Grabherr, 2000: A fine-scaled
predictive model for climate warming induced changes of high mountain plant
species distribution patterns. Diversity and Distributions, 8, 10–21.
Grabherr, G., M. Gottfried, and H. Pauli, 1994: Climate effects on mountain
plants. Nature, 369, 448.
Grabherr, G., M. Gottfried, and H. Pauli, 1995: Patterns and current
changes in alpine plant diversity. In: Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns,
Causes and Ecosystem Consequences [Chapin, F.S. III and C. Korner (eds.)]. Springer-Verlag,
Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 167–181.
Grabs, W., 1997: Impact of Climate Change on Hydrological Regimes and
Water Resource Management in the Rhine. Cologne, Germany, 26 pp.
Graglia, E., S. Jonasson, A. Michelsen, and I.K. Schmidt, 1997: Effects
of shading, nutrient application and warming on leaf growth and shoot densities
of dwarf shrubs in two arctic/alpine plant communities. Ecoscience, 4,
191–198.
Gratz, N.G. and A.B. Knudsen, 1996: The Rise and Spread of Dengue and
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and its Vectors: A Historical Review Up to 1995. CTD/FIL(DEN)/96.7,
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 62 pp.
Gregory, J.M. and J.A. Lowe, 2000: Predictions of global and regional
sea-level rise using AOGCMs with and without flux adjustment. Geophysical Research
Letters, 27, 3069–3072.
Groisman, P.Y., E.L. Genikhovich, and P.M. Zhai, 1996: “Overall” cloud
and snow cover effects on internal climate variables: the use of clear sky climatology.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77, 2055–2066.
Gruza, G., E. Rankova, V. Razuvaev, and O. Bulygina, 1999: Indicators
of climate change for the Russian Federation. Climatic Change, 42(1),
219–242.
Haapala, J. and M. Lepparänta, 1997: The Baltic Sea ice season in changing
climate. Boreal Environment Research, 2(1), 93–108.
Haeberli, W., 1995: Glacier fluctuations and climate change detection:
operational elements of a worldwide monitoring strategy. Bulletin of the World
Meteorological Organization, 44(1), 23–31.
Häkkinen, R., T. Linkosalo, and P. Hari, 1998: Effects of dormancy and
environmental factors on timing of bud burst in Betula pendula. Tree Physiology,
18, 707–712.
Hall, D.O. and J.M.O. Scurlock, 1991: Climate change and the productivity
of natural grasslands. Annals of Botany, 67, 49–55.
Hamm, L., H. Hanson, M. Capobianco, H.H. Dette, A. Lecuga, and R. Spanhoff,
1998: Beach Fills in Europe—Projects, Practices, and Objectives. Proceedings
of the 26th International Coastal Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark.
American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY, USA, pp. 3060–3073.
Harrison, P.A. and R.E. Butterfield, 1996: Effects of climate change
on Europe-wide winter wheat and sunflower productivity. Climate Research, 7,
225–241.
Harrison, P.A. and R.E. Butterfield, 1999: Modelling climate change impacts
on wheat, potato and grapevine in Europe. In: Climate Change, Climate Variability
and Agriculture in Europe: An Integrated Assessment [Butterfield, R.E., P.E.
Harrison, and T.E. Downing (eds.)]. Environmental Change Unit, Research Report
No. 9, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 157 pp.
Harrison, P.A., R.E. Butterfield, and T.E. Downing, 1995a: Climate Change
and Agriculture in Europe: Assessment of Impacts and Adaptations. Research Report
No. 9, Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,
411 pp.
Harrison, P.A., R. Butterfield, and M.J. Gawith, 1995b: Modelling the
effects of climate change on crops at the regional scale: effects on winter
wheat, sunflower, onion and grassland in Europe. In: Climate Change, Climate
Variability and Agriculture in Europe: An Integrated Assessment [Butterfield,
R.E., P.E. Harrison, and T.E. Downing (eds.)]. Environmental Change Unit, Research
Report No. 9, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, pp. 330–388.
Harrod, T.R., 1979: Soil Suitability for Grassland. In: Soil Survey Applications
[Jarvis, M.G. and D. Mackney (eds.)]. Soil Survey Technical Monograph No. 13,
Harpenden, United Kingdom, pp. 51–70.
Hartig, E.K., O. Grozev, and C. Rosenzweig, 1997: Climate change, agriculture
and wetlands in Eastern Europe: vulnerability, adaptation and policy. Climatic
Change, 36, 107–121.
Haslam, S.M., 1997: Deterioration and fragmentation of rivers in Malta.
Freshwater Biological Association, 9, 55–61.
Hendry, G.A.F. and J.P. Grime, 1990: Effects on plants: natural vegetation.
In: The Greenhouse Effect and Terrestrial Ecosystems of the UK [Cannell, M.G.R.
and M.D. Hooper (eds.)]. ITE Research Publication No. 4, Her Majesty’s Stationary
Office, London, United Kingdom, 82 pp.
Henry, G.H.R. and U. Molau, 1997: Tundra plants and climate change: the
International Tundra Experiment (ITEX). Global Change Biology, 3(1),
1–9.
Herrington, P., 1996: Climate Change and the Demand for Water. Her Majesty’s
Stationary Office, London, United Kingdom.
Hladny, J., J. Buchtele, M. Doubková, V. Dvorák, L. Kaspárek, O. Novicky,
and E. Prenosilová, 1997: Impact of a Potential Climate Change on Hydrology
and Water Resources: Country Study of Climate Change for the Czech Republic.
Element 2, Publ. No. 20, National Climate Program of the Czech Republic, Prague,
Czech Republic, 137 pp.
Hlavcová, K. and J. Cunderlík, 1998: Impact of climate change on the
seasonal distribution of runoff in mountainous basins in Slovakia. In: Hydrology,
Water Resources, and Ecology in Headwaters. IAHS Publication No. 248, pp. 39–46.
Hlavcová, K., J. Szolgay, J. Cunderlík, J. Parajka, and M. Lapin, 1999:
Impact of Climate Change on the Hydrological Regime of Rivers in Slovakia. Slovak
Committee for Hydrology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Holten, J.I., 1990: Biological and ecological consequences of changes
in climate in Norway. NINA Utredning, 11, 1–59
Holten, J.I., 1998: Vertical distribution patterns of vascular plants
in the Fennoscandian mountain range. Ecologie, 29(1–2), 129–138.
Holten, J.I. and P.D. Carey, 1992: Responses of climate change on natural
terrestrial ecosystems in Norway. NINA Institute Research Report, 29,
1–59.
Holtmeier, F.K., 1994: Ecological aspects of climatically caused timberline
fluctuations. In: Mountain Environments in Changing Climates [Beniston, M. (ed.)].
Routledge, London, United Kingdom, pp. 220–233.
Hulme, M. and T.R. Carter, 2000: The changing climate of Europe. In:
Assessment of Potential Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe:
The Europe ACACIA Project [Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute,
University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Hulme, M., E. Barrow, N.W. Arnell, P. Harrison, T. Downing, and R. Johns,
1999: Relative impacts of human-induced climate change and natural variability.
Nature, 397, 688–691.
Hulme, M., T.J. Osborn, and T.C. Johns, 1998: Precipitation sensitivity
to global warming: comparison of observations with HadCM2 simulations. Geophysical
Research Letters, 25, 3379–3382.
Huntley, B., 1991: How plants respond to climate change: migration rates,
individualism and the consequences for plant communities. Annals of Botany,
67(1), 15–22.
Huntley, B., 1999: Species distribution and environmental change: considerations
from the site to the landscape scale In: Ecosystem Management: Questions for
Science and Society [Maltby, E., M. Holdgate, M. Acreman, and A. Weir (eds.)].
Royal Holloway Institute for Enviornmental Research, Virginia Water, United
Kingdom, pp. 115–129.
Huntley, B., W. Cramer, A.V. Morgan, H.C. Prentice, and J.R.M. Allen,
1997: Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: The Spatial and Evolutionary
Responses of Terrestrial Biota. NATO ASI Series, Series 1, Springer-Verlag,
Berlin, Germany, 85 pp.
Huntley, B. and T. Webb III, 1989: Migration: species’ response to climate
variations caused by changes in the earth’s orbit. Journal of Biogeography,
16, 5–19.
Hurrell, J.W. and H. van Loon, 1997: Decadal variations in climate associated
with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Climatic Change, 36, 301–326.
IFRC, 1998: World Disaster Report 1997. Oxford University Press, New
York, NY, USA.
Ineson, P., K. Taylor, A.F. Harrison, J. Poskitt, D.G. Benham, E. Tipping,
and C. Woof, 1998: Effects of climate change on nitrogen dynamics in upland
soils, part 1: a transplant approach. Global Change Biology, 4, 143–152.
IPCC, 1996: Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations, and Mitigation
of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses. Contribution of Working Group
II to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera, and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 878 pp.
IPCC, 1998: The Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of
Vulnerability. Special Report of IPCC Working Group II [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera,
and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 517 pp.
Izrael, Y.A., 1997: Russian Federation Climate Change Country Study.
Final Report, Vol. 3: Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments. Russian Federal
Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, Moscow, Russia, 113
pp.
Jaagus, J., 1998: Modelled changes in river runoff using various climate
scenarios for Estonia. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference
on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N.
Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 1, pp. 94–103.
Jaagus, J., 1997: The impact of climate change on the snow cover pattern
in Estonia. Climatic Change, 36, 65–77.
Jansons, V. and M. Butina, 1998: Potential impacts of climate change
on nutrient loads from small catchments. In: Proceedings of the Second International
Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä,
R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 2, pp. 932–939.
Jarvet, A., 1998: Estimation on possible climate change impact on water
management in Estonia. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference
on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N.
Helenius (eds.)].Vol. 3, pp. 1449–1458.
Jendritzky, G., K. Bucher, and F. Bendisch, 1997: Die Mortalitatsstudie
des Deutschen Wetterdienstes. Annalen der Meteorologie, 33, 46–51 (in
German).
Jenik, J., 1997: Anemo-orographic systems in the Hercynian Mts. and their
effects on biodiversity. Acta Univ. Wratisl. No. 1959, Prace Instyt. Geogr.,
Seria C, Meteorologia i Klimatologia, 4, 9–21.
Jenkinson, D.S., 1990: The turnover of organic carbon and nitrogen in
soil. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 329, 361–368.
Jenny, H., 1980: The Soil Resource: Origin and Behaviour. Ecological
Studies No. 37, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, USA, 377 pp.
Jonasson, S., J.A. Lee, T.V. Callaghan, M. Havström, and A. Parsons,
1996: Direct and indirect effects of increasing temperatures on subarctic ecosystems.
Ecological Bulletins, 45, 180–191.
Jones, M.B. M. Jongen, 1996: Sensitivity of temperate grassland species
to elevated atmospheric CO2 and the interaction with temperature
and water stress. Agricultural and Food Science in Finland, 5, 271–283.
Jones, M.B., M. Jongen, and T. Doyle, 1996: Effects of elevated carbon
dioxide concentrations on agricultural grassland production. Agricultural and
Forest Meteorology, 79, 243–252.
Jones, P.D. and K.R. Briffa, 1995: Growing season temperatures over the
former Soviet Union. International Journal of Climatology, 15, 943–960.
Jones, P.D. and M. Hulme, 1997: The changing temperature of Central England.
In: Climates of the British Isles: Present, Past and Future [Hulme, M. and E.M.
Barrow (eds.)]. Routledge, London, United Kingdom, pp. 173–195.
Jones, P.D., T. Jonsson, and D. Wheeler, 1997: Extension of the North
Atlantic Oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from Gibralter
and south-west Iceland. International Journal of Climatology, 17, 1433–1450.
Jones, P.D., E.B. Horton, C.K. Folland, M. Hulme, D.E. Parker, and T.A.
Basnett, 1999: The use of indices to identify changes in climatic extremes.
Climatic Change, 42, 131–149.
Jordan, A., T. O’Riordan, and I. Lorenzoni, 2000: Europe in the new millenium.
In: Assessment of Potential Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe:
The Europe ACACIA Project [Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute,
University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Kaas, E. and P. Frich, 1995: Diurnal temperature range and cloud cover
in the Nordic countries: observed trends and estimates for the future. Atmospheric
Research, 37, 211–228.
Kaczmarek, Z., J.J. Napiórkowski, and K.M. Strzepek, 1996: Climate change
impact on the water supply system in the Warta River catchment. Water Resources
Development, 12(2), 165–180.
Kaczmarek, Z., D. Jurak, and J.J. Napiórkowski, 1997: Impact of climate
change on water resources in Poland. Publications of the Institute of Geophysics,
295, 51.
Kaiser, H.M., S.J. Riha, D.S. Wilks, D.G. Rossiter, and R. Sampath, 1993:
A farm-level analysis of economic and agronomic impacts of gradual climate warming.
American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 75, 387–398.
Kalvová, J., 1995: Regional Study on Climate Change in the Czech Republic:
Incremental Scenarios. Country Study of Climate Change for the Czech Republic,
Publ. No. 17 of the National Climate Program of the Czech Republic, Prague,
Czech Republic, 101 pp.
Kalvová, J. and I. Nemesová, 1997: Projections of climate change for
the Czech Republic. Climatic Change, 36, 41–64.
Kasparék, L., 1998: Regional study on impacts of climate change on hydrological
conditions in the Czech Republic. Prace a Studie, 193, 70.
Katsouyanni, K., A. Pantazopoulu, G. Touloumi, I. Tselepidaki, K. Moustris,
D. Asimakopoulos, G. Poulopoulou, and D. Trichopoulos, 1993: Evidence of interaction
between air pollution and high temperatures in the causation of excess mortality.
Architecture and Environmental Health, 48, 235–242.
Katsouyanni, K., D. Trichopoulos, X. Zavitsanos, and G. Touloumi, 1988:
The 1987 Athens heatwave. Lancet, 573, ii.
Keller, F., F. Kienast, and M. Beniston, 2000: Evidence of the response
of vegetation to environmental change at high elevation sites in the Swiss Alps.
Regional Environmental Change, 2, 70–77.
Kellomäki, S. and M. Kolström, 1993: Computations on the yield of timber
by Scots pine when subjected to varying levels of thinning under a changing
climate in southern Finland. Forest Ecology and Management, 59, 237–255.
Kellomäki, S. and H. Väisänen, 1996: Model computations on the effect
of rising temperature on soil moisture and water availability in forest ecosystems
dominated by Scots pine in the boreal zone in Finland. Climatic Change, 32,
423–445.
Kellomäki, S. and H. Väisänen, 1997: Modelling the dynamics of the boreal
forest ecosystems for climate change studies in the boreal conditions. Ecological
Modelling, 97(1–2), 121–140.
Kenny, G.J., P.A. Harrison, J.E. Olesen, and M.L. Parry, 1993: The effects
of climate change on land suitability of grain maize, winter wheat and cauliflower
in Europe. European Journal of Agronomy, 2, 325–338.
Khaw, K.T., 1995: Temperature and cardiovascular mortality. Lancet, 345,
337–338.
Kime, D.E., 1995: The effects of pollution on reproduction in fish. Reviews
in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 5, 52–96.
Kirschbaum, M.U.F., 1995: The temperature dependence of soil organic
matter decomposition and the effect of global warming on soil organic carbon
storage. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27, 753–760.
Kirschbaum, M.U.F., P. Bullock, J.R. Evans, K. Goulding, P.G. Jarvis,
I.R. Noble, M.D.A. Rounsevell, and T.D. Sharkey, 1996a: Ecophysiological, ecological
and soil processes in terrestrial ecosystems: a primer on general concepts and
relationships. In: Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation
of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses. Contribution of Working Group
II to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera, and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 57–76.
Kirschbaum, M.U.F., A. Fischlin, M.G.R. Cannell, R.V.O. Cruz, and W.
Galinski, 1996b: Climate change impacts on forests. In: Climate Change 1995:
Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical
Analyses. Contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report of
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Watson, R.T., M.C. Zinyowera,
and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
and New York, NY, USA, pp. 95–129.
Klein, R.J.T., R.J. Nicholls, and N. Mimura, 1999: Coastal adaptation
to climate change: can the IPCC Technical Guidelines be applied? Mitigation
and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 4, 51–64.
Klein, R.J.T., M.J. Smit, H. Goosen, and C.H. Hulsbergen, 1998: Resilience
and vulnerability: coastal dynamics or Dutch dikes? Geographic Journal, 164(3),
259–268.
Klein, R.J.T., J. Aston, E.N. Buckley, M. Capobianco, N. Mizutani, R.J.
Nicholls, P.D. Nunn, and S. Ragoonaden, 2000: Coastal adaptation technologies.
In: IPCC Special Report on Methodological and Technological Issues in Technology
Transfer [Metz, B., O.R. Davidson, J.-W. Martens, S.N.M. van Rooijen, and L.
Van Wie McGrory (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
and New York, NY, USA, pp. 349–372.
Kleukers, R.M.J.C., K. Decleer, E.C.M. Haes, P. Kolshorn, and B. Thomas,
1996: The recent expansion of Conocephalus discolor (Thunberg) (Orthoptera:
Tettigoniidae) in western Europe. Entomologist’s Gazette, 47, 37–49.
Knudsen, A.B., R. Romi, and G. Majori, 1996: Occurrence and spread in
Italy of Aedes albopictus, with implications for its introduction into other
parts of Europe. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 12,
177–183.
Kolb, E. and K.E. Rehfuess, 1997: Effects of a temperature increase in
a field experiment on the nitrogen release from soil cores with different humus
forms. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenernahrung und Bodenkunde, 160, 539–547.
Komor, E., G. Orlich, A. Weig, and W. Kockenberger, 1996: Phloem loading—not
metaphysical, only complex: towards a unified model of phloem loading. Journal
of Experimental Botany, 47, 1155–1164.
Kondrashova, N.Y. and K.I. Kobak, 1996: Possible global warming caused
changes of the nature zones boundaries in the Northern Hemisphere. In: Problems
of Ecological Monitoring and Ecosystem Modeling, Volume XVI [Izrael, Y.A. (ed.)].
Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia, pp. 90–99.
z
Kont, A., U. Ratas, and E. Puurmann, 1997: Sea-level rise impact on coastal
areas of Estonia. Climatic Change, 36, 175–184.
Körner, C., 1995: Impact of atmospheric changes on alpine vegetation:
the ecophysiological perspective. In: Potential Ecological Impacts of Climate
Change in the Alps and Fennoscandian Mountains [Guisan, A., J.I. Holten, R.
Spichiger, and L. Tessier (eds.)]. Conserv. Jard. Bot., Geneva, Switzerland,
pp. 113–120.
Körner, C., 1996: The response of complex multispecies systems to elevated
CO2. In: Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems [Walker, B. and
W. Steffen (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and
New York, NY, USA, pp. 20–42.
Kos, Z., 1993: Sensitivity of irrigation and water resources systems
to climate change. Journal of Water Management, 41(4–5), 247–269.
Koster, M.J. and R. Hillen, 1995: Combat erosion by law: coastal defence
policy for The Netherlands. Journal of Coastal Research, 11, 1221–1228.
Kovats, S. and P. Martens, 2000: Health. In: Assessment of Potential
Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project
[Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia,
Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Kozar, F., D.A.F. Sheble, and M.A. Fowjhan, 1995: Study on the further
spread of Pseuda lacaspis pentagona in Central Europe, Israel. Journal of Entomology,
24, 161–164.
Kräuchi, N., 1995: Application of the model FORSUM to the Solling spruce
site. Ecological Modelling, 83, 219–228.
Krankina, O.N., R.K. Dixon, A.P. Kirilenko, and K.I. Kobak, 1997: Global
climate change adaptation: Examples from Russian boreal forests. Climatic Change,
36, 197–215.
Kríz, B., 1998: Infectious Disease Consequences of the Massive 1997 Summer
Floods in the Czech Republic. EHRO 020502/12, Working Group Paper.
Kríz, B., C. Benes, J. Cástková, and J. Helcl, 1998: Monitoring of the
epidemiological situation in flooded areas of the Czech Republic in year 1997.
Proceedings of the Conference DDD’98, 11–12th May 1998, Podebrady. Czech Republic.
Kromm, D.E. and S.E. White, 1990: Varability in adjustment preferences
to groundwater depletion in the American High plains. Water Resources Bulletin,
22, 791–801.
Kuchment, L.S., 1998: The estimation of the sensitivity of the river
runoff to climate change for different physiogeographic regions of Russia and
an experience of prediction of possible runoff change. In: Proceedings of the
Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20
August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 1, pp. 171–177.
Kullman, L., 1995: Holocene tree limit and climate history from the Scandes
mountains, Sweden. Ecology, 76(8), 2490–2502.
Kundzewicz, Z.W. and K. Takeuchi, 1999: Flood protection and management—quo
vadimus? Hydrological Sciences Journal,
44(3), 417–432.
Kundzewicz, Z.W., K. Szamalek, and P. Kowalczak, 1999: The Great Flood
of 1997 in Poland. Hydrological Sciences Journal,
44(5), 855–870.
Kunst, A.E., C.W.N. Looman, and J.P. Mackenbach, 1993: Outdoor air temperature
and mortality in The Netherlands: a time–series analysis. American Journal of
Epidemiology, 137, 331–341.
Kuntze, H., 1993: Bogs as sinks and sources of C and N. Mitteilungen
der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 69, 277–280.
Laake, K. and J.M. Sverre, 1996: Winter excess mortality: a comparison
between Norway and England plus Wales. Age and Ageing, 25, 343–348.
Lakida, P., S. Nilsson, and A. Shvidenko, 1997: Forest phytomass and
carbon in European Russia. Biomass and Bioenergy,
12(2), 91–99.
Lang, G., 1993: Holozäne Veränderungen der Waldgrenze in der Schweizer
Alpen-Methodische Ansatze und gegenwartiger Kenntnisstand. Dissertationes Botanicae,
196, 147–148 (in German).
Langford, I.H. and G. Bentham, 1995: The potential effects of climate
change on winter mortality in England and Wales. International Journal of Biometeorology,
38, 141–147.
Lavee, H., A.C. Imeson, and P. Sarah, 1998: The impact of climate change
on geomorphology and desertification along a Mediterranean arid transect. Land
Degradation and Development, 9, 407–422.
Lawton, J.H., 1995: The response of insects to environment change In:
Insects in a Changing Environment [Harrington, R. and N.E. Stork (eds.)]. Academic
Press, New York, NY, USA, 212 pp.
Leafe, R., J. Pethick, and I. Townsend, 1998: Realising the benefits
of shoreline management. Geographical Journal, 164, 282–290.
Lee, E.M., 1998: The implication of Future Shoreline Management on Protected
Habitats in England and Wales. Technical Report W150, Environment Agency, Rand,
Bristol, United Kingdom, 92 pp.
Lehtonen, H., 1996: Potential effects of global warming on northern European
freshwater fish and fisheries. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 3, 59–71.
Lehtonen, H., 1998: Does global warming threaten the existence of Arctic
charrr, Salvelnius alpinus (Salmonidae), in northern Finland? Italian Journal
of Zoology, 65, 471–474.
Leinonen, I., 1996: Dependence of dormancy release on temperature in
different origins of Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula seedlings. Scandinavian
Journal of Forest Research, 11, 122–128.
Lelyakin, A.L., A.O. Kokorin, and I.M. Nazarov, 1997: Vulnerability of
Russian forests to climate changes: model estimation of CO2 fluxes.
Climatic Change, 36(1–2), 123–133.
Lenhart, S., S. Huq, L.J. Mata, I. Nemesova, S. Toure, and J.B. Smith
(eds.), 1996: Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change – A Synthesis of
Results from the U.S. Country Studies Program. Interim Report. U.S. Country
Studies Program, Washington, DC, USA, 366 pp.
Lesack, L.F.W., R.E. Hecky, and P. Marsh, 1991: The influence of frequency
and duration of flooding on the nutrient chemistry of Mackenzie Delta lakes.
In: Mackenzie Delta, Environmental Interactions and Implications of Development.
National Hydrology Research Institute, Environment Canada, Saskatoon, Canada,
NHRI Symposium No. 4, pp. 19–36.
Lindgren, E., 1998: Climate and tick–borne encephalitis in Sweden. Conservation
Ecology, 2, 5–7.
Lindgren, E., L. Tälleklint, and T. Polfeldt, 2000: Impact of climatic
change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting
European tick, Ixodes ricinus. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108,
119–123.
Lindner, M., H. Bugmann, P. Lasch, M. Flechsig, and W. Cramer, 1997:
Regional impacts of climatic change on forests in the state of Brandenburg,
Germany. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 84(1–2), 123–135.
Lindström, Å. and J. Agrell, 1999: Global change and possible effects
on the migration and reproduction of arctic-breeding waders. Ecological Bulletins,
47, 145–159.
Lines, R., 1987: Choice of Seed Origin for the Main Forest Species in
Britain. Forestry Commission Bulletin 66, Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London,
United Kingdom, 42 pp.
Lipa, J.L., 1997: Zmiany klimatu Ziemi - konsekwencje dla rolnictwa i
ochrony roslin. Postepy w Ochronie Roslin, 37(I), 27–35 (in Polish).
Lipa, J.L., 1999: Do climate changes increase the threat to crops by
pathogens, weeds, and pests? Geographia Polonica, 4, 222–224.
Lischke, H., A. Guisan, A. Fischlin, J. Williams, and H. Bugmann, 1998:
Vegetation responses to climate change in the Alps: modeling studies. In: Views
from the Alps: Regional Perspectives on Climate Change [Cebon, P., U. Dahinden,
H.C. Davies, D. Imboden, and C.C. Jaeger (eds.)]. MIT Press. Cambridge, MA,
USA, pp. 309–350.
Lloyd, J. and J.A. Taylor, 1994: On the temperature dependence of soil
respiration. Functional Ecology, 8, 315–323.
Loiseau, P., J.F. Soussana, and E. Casella, 1994: Effects of climatic
changes (CO2, temperature) on grassland ecosystems: first five months,
experimental results. In: Soil Responses to Climate Change [Rounsevell, M.D.A.
and P.J. Loveland (eds.)]. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 223–228.
Lowe, J.A. and J.M. Gregory, 1998: A Preliminary Report on Changes in
the Occurrence of Storm Surges Around the United Kingdom Under a Future Climate
Scenario. Unpublished report, Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research,
Bracknell, United Kingdom, 65 pp.
Lukewille, A. and R.F. Wright, 1997: Experimentally increased soil temperature
cause relese of nitrogen at a boreal forest catchment in southern Norway. Global
Change Biology, 3, 13–21.
MacDonald, A.M., K.B. Matthews, E. Paterson, and R.J. Aspinall, 1994:
The impact of climate change on the soil-moisture regime of Scottish mineral
soils. Environmental Pollution, 83, 245–250.
Magnuson, J.J., D.M. Robertson, B.J. Benson, R.H. Wynne, D.M. Livingstone,
T. Arai, R.A. Assel, R.G. Barry, V. Card, E. Kuusisto, N.G. Granin, T.D. Prowse,
K.M. Stewart, and V.S. Vuglinski, 2000: Historical trends in lake and river
ice cover in the Northern Hemisphere. Science, 289(5485), 1743–1746.
Mandelkern, S., S. Parey, and N. Tauveron, 1998: Hydrological consequences
of greenhouse effect, a case study of the river Doubs. In: Proceedings of the
Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20
August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 3, pp. 1505-1514.
Mänder, Ü. and A. Kull, 1998: Impacts of climatic fluctuations and land
use change on water budget and nutrient runoff: the Porijögi. In: Proceedings
of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland,
17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 2, 884–896.
Marchant, P., W. Eling, G-J. van Gemert, C.J. Leake, and C.F. Curtis,
1998: Could British mosquitoes transmit falciparum malaria? Parasitology Today,
14, 344–345.
Martens, P., 1997: Climate change, thermal stress and mortality changes.
Social Science and Medicine, 46, 331–344.
Martens, P., 1998: Health and Climate Change: Modelling the Impacts of
Global Warming and Ozone Depletion. Earthscan, London, United Kingdom, 176 pp.
Martens, P., T.H. Jetten, and D.A. Focks, 1997: Sensitivity of malaria,
schistosomiasis and dengue to global warming. Climatic Change, 35(2),
145–156.
Maugeri, M. and T. Nanni, 1998: Surface air temperature variations in
Italy: recent trends and an update to 1998. Theoretical and Applied Climatology,
61, 191–196.
McCarthy, I.D. and D.F.H. Houlihan, 1997: The effect of temperature on
protein metabolism in fish: the possible consequences for wild Atlantic salmon
(Salmo salar) stocks in Europe as a result of global warming. In: Global Warming:
Implications for Freshwater and Marine Fish [Wood, C.M. and D.G. McDonald (eds.)].
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,
pp. 51–77.
McMichael, A.J., A. Haines, R. Slooff, and S. Kovats, 1996: Climate Change
and Human Health. An assessment prepared by a Task Group on behalf of the World
Health Organization, the World Meteorological Organization, and the United Nations
Environment Program, Geneva, Switzerland
McMichael, A.J. and R.S. Kovats, 1998: Assessment of the Impact on Mortality
in England and Wales of the Heatwave and Associated Air Pollution Episode of
1976. Report to the Department of Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Meinl, H. and W. Bach (eds.), 1984: Socio-Economic Impacts of Climatic
Changes Due to a Doubling of Atmospheric CO2 Content. Report on CEC
Contract No. CLI-063-D, Dornier System, 648 pp.
Menne, B., K. Pond, E.K. Noji, and R. Bertollini, 1999: Floods and Public
Health Consequences, Prevention and Control Measures: Discussion paper presented
at the UNECE Seminar on Flood Prevention, Berlin, 7–8 October, 1999. UNECE/MP.WAT/SEM.2/1999/22,
UNECE, Berlin, Germany.
Menzel, A. and P. Fabian, 1999: Growing season extended in Europe. Nature, 397,
659.
Mika, J., I. Dobi, and G. Bálint, 1997: Changes in means and variability
of river flow in the Tisza Basin: scenarios and implications. Annales Geophysicae,
15(II), C304.
Milbank, N., 1989: Building design and use: response to climate change.
Architects Journal, 89, 53–63.
Minkkinen, K. and J. Laine, 1998: Long-term effect of forest drainage
on the peat carbon stores of pine mires in Finland. Canadian
Mohnl, V., 1996: The fluctuation of winter-sport-related snow parameters
of the last fifty years in the Austrian Alps. Wetter und Leben, 48, 103–113.
Molau, U. and J.M. Alatalo, 1998: Responses of subarctic-alpine plant
communities to simulated environmental change: biodiversity of bryophytes, lichens,
and vascular plants. Ambio, 27, 322–329.
Molau, U. and E.-L. Larsson, 2000: Seed rain and seed bank along an alpine
altitudinal gradient in Swedish Lapland. Canadian Journal of Botany, 78,
728–747.
Mortsch, L.D., 1998: Assessing the impact of climate change on the Great
Lakes shoreline wetlands. Climatic Change, 40, 391–416.
Murray, M.B., M.G.R. Cannell, and R.T. Smith, 1989: Date of budburst
of fifteen tree species in Britain following climatic warming. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 26, 693–700.
Myking, T. and O.M. Heide, 1995: Dormancy release and chilling requirement
of buds of latitudinal ecotypes of Betula pendula and B. pubescens. Tree Physiology,
15, 697–704.
Myneni, R.B., C.D. Keeling, C.J. Tucker, G. Asrar, and R.R. Nemani, 1997:
Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991. Nature,
386, 698–702.
Nakicenovic, N., J. Alcamo, G. Davis, B. de Vries, J. Fenhann, S. Gaffin,
K. Gregory, A. Grubler, T.Y. Jung, T. Kram, E.L. La Rovere, L. Michaelis, S.
Mori, T. Morita, W. Pepper, H. Pitcher, L. Price, K. Raihi, A. Roehrl, H.-H.
Rogner, A. Sankovski, M. Schlesinger, P. Shukla, S. Smith, R. Swart, S. van
Rooijen, N. Victor, and Z. Dadi, 2000: An overview of the scenario literature.
In: Emissions Scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom
and New York, NY, USA, 599 pp.
New, M., M. Hulme, and P.D. Jones, 1999: Representing twentieth century
space-time climate variability, part 1: development of a 1961–90 mean monthly
terrestrial climatology. Journal of Climate, 12, 829–856.
Nicholls, R., 2000: Coastal zones. In: Assessment of Potential Effects
and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project [Parry,
M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia, Norwich,
United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Nicholls, R.J. and A. de la Vega-Leinert, 2000: Synthesis of sea-level
rise impacts and adaptation costs for Europe. In: Proceedings of the European
Expert Workshop on European Vulnerability and Adaptation to the Impacts of ASLR,
Hamburg, Germany, 19-21 June 2000 [de la Vega-Leinert, A., R.J. Nicholls, and
R.S.J. Tol (eds.)]. Flood Hazard Research Centre, Enfield, United Kingdom. Available
online at http://www.survas.mdx.ac.uk/.
Nicholls, R.J. and F.M.J. Hoozemans, 1996: The Mediterranean: vulnerability
to coastal implications of climate change. Ocean and Coastal Management, 31,
105–132.
Nicholls, R.J. and N. Mimura, 1998: Regional issues raised by sea-level
rise and their policy implications. Climate Research,
11, 5–18.
Nicholls, N., G.V. Gruza, J. Jouzel, T.R. Karl, L.A. Ogallo, and D.E.
Parker, 1996: Observed climate variability and change. In: Climate Change 1995:
The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton,
J.T., L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell
(eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York,
NY, USA, pp. 133–192.
Nicholls, R.J., F.M.J. Hoozemans, and M. Marchand, 1999: Increasing the
flood risk and wetland losses due to global sea-level rise. Global Environmental
Change, 9, 569–587.
Nonhebel, S., 1996: Effects of temperature rise and increase in CO2
concentration on simulated wheat yields in Europe. Climatic Change, 34,
73–90.
Norris, K. and R. Buisson, 1994: Sea-level rise and its impact upon coastal
birds in the UK. RSPB Conservation Review, 8, 63–71.
OECD, 1997: Towards Sustainable Fisheries: Economic Aspects of the Management
of Living Marine Resources. Main Report, Issue Papers, and Country Reports.
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France.
Olesen, J.E. and K. Grevsen, 1993: Simulated effects of climate change
on summer cauliflower production in Europe. European Journal of Agronomy, 2,
313–323.
Olejnik, J., and A. Kedziora, 1991: A model for heat and water balance
estimation and its application to land use and climate variation. Earth Surface
Processes and Landforms, 16, 601–617.
Onate, J.J. and A. Pou, 1996: Temperature variations in Spain since 1901:
a preliminary analysis. International Journal of Climatology, 16, 805–815.
Osborn, T.J., M. Hulme, P.D. Jones, and T. Basnett, 1999: Observed trends
in the daily intensity of United Kingdom precipitation. International Journal
of Climatology, 20, 347–364.
Ozenda, P. and J.L. Borel, 1991: Les consequnces ecologiques possibles
des changements climatiques dans l’Arc alpin. In: Vol. Rapport FUTURALP 1. Centre
Intermational poutr l’Environnement Alpin (ICALPE), Chambery, France (in French).
Ozenda, P. and J.L. Borel, 1995: Possible response of mountain vegetaion
to a global climatic change: the case of the Western Alps. In: Potential Ecological
Impacts of Climate Change in the Alps and Fennoscandian Mountains [Guisan, A.,
J.I. Holten, R. Spichiger, and L. Tessier (eds.).] Conserv. Jard. Bot., Geneva,
Switzerland, pp. 137–144.
Palutikof, J.P., S. Subak, and M.D. Agnew, 1997: Economic Impacts of
the Hot Summer and Unusually Warm Year of 1995. Department of the Environment,
University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 196 pp.
Panagoulia, D. and G. Dimou, 1996: Sensitivities of groundwater-streamflow
interaction to global climate change. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 41,
781–796.
Parmesan, C., N. Ryrholm, C. Stephanescus, J.K. Hill, C.D. Thomas, H.
Descimon, B. Huntley, L. Laili, K. Kullberg, T. Tammaru, W.J. Tennent, J.A.
Thomas, and M. Warren, 1999: Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly
species associated with regional warming. Nature, 399, 579–583.
Parry, M.L. (ed.), 2000: Assessment of Potential Effects and Adaptations
for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project. Jackson Environment
Institute, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Parry, M.L., I. Carson, T. Rehman, R. Tranter, P. Jones, D. Mortimer,
M. Livermore, and J. Little, 1999: Economic Implications of Climate Change on
Agriculture in England and Wales. Research Report No. 1, Jackson Environment
Institute, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Parry, M.L., T.R. Carter, and N.T. Konijn (eds.), 1988: The Impact of
Climatic Variations on Agriculture. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, The
Netherlands.
Parsons, D.J., 1991: Planning for climate change in National Parks and
other natural areas. The Northwest Environmental Journal, 7, 255–269.
Parton, W.J., D.S. Schimel, C.V. Cole, and D.S. Ojima, 1987: Analysis
of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grassland.
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 51, 1173–1179.
Pauli, H., M. Gottfried, and G. Grabherr, 1999: Vascular plant distribution
patterns at the low-temperature limits of plant life - the alpine-nival ecotone
of Mount Schrankogel (Tyrol, Austria). Phytocoenologia, 29(3), 297–325.
Pearson, S., T.R. Wheeler, P. Hadley, and A.E. Wheldon, 1997: A validated
model to predict the effects of environment on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca
sativa L.): implications for climate change. Journal of Horticultural Science,
72, 503–517.
Peerbolte, E.B., J.G. de Ronde, L.P.M. de Vrees, M. Mann, and G. Baarse,
1991: Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Society: A Case Study for the Netherlands.
Delft Hydraulics and Rijkswaterstaat, Delft and The Hague, The Netherlands,
81 pp.
Peiris, D.R., J.W. Crawford, C. Grashoff, R.A. Jefferies, J.R. Porter,
and B. Marshall, 1996: A simulation study of crop growth and development under
climate change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 79, 271–287.
Pekárová, P., 1996: Simulation of runoff changes under changed climatic
conditions in the Ondava catchment. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics,
44(5), 291–311 (in Slovak with English abstract).
Peltola, H., S. Kellomäki, and H. Väisänen, 1999: Model computations
on the impacts of climatic change on soil frost with implications for windthrow
risk of trees. Climate Change, 41, 17–36.
Penning-Rowsell, E.C, C.H. Green, P.M. Thompson, A.M. Coker, S.M. Tunstall,
C. Richards, and D.J. Perker, 1992: The Economics of Coastal Management: A Manual
of Benefit Assessment Techniques. Belhaven Press, London, United Kingdom.
Penning-Rowsell, E., P. Winchester, and J.G. Gardiner, 1998: New approaches
to sustainable hazard management for Venice. Geographical Journal, 164,
1–18.
Perry, A., 1999: Impacts of climate change on tourism in the Mediterranean:
adaptive responses. In: Proceedings of the Conference on the Impacts of Climate
Change on the Mediterranean Area: Regional Scenarios and Vulnerability Assessment,
Venice, 9–10 December, 1999. Venice, Italy.
Perry, A., 2000: Tourism and recreation. In: Assessment of Potential
Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe ACACIA Project
[Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University of East Anglia,
Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Perry, A.H. and L. Symons, 1994: The wind hazard in the British Isles
and its effects on transportation. Journal of Transport Geography, 2,
122–130.
Peters, R.L. and J.D.S. Darling, 1985: The greenhouse effect and nature
reserves: global warming could diminsih biological diversity by causing extinctions
among reserve species. Bioscience, 35(11), 707–717.
Peters, R.L. and T.E. Lovejoy (eds.), 1992: Global Warming and Biological
Diversity. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, USA, 211 pp.
Petrovic, P., 1998: Climate change impact on Hydrological Regime for
two Profiles in the Nitra River Basin. In: Proceedings, XIXth Conference of
the Danube Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water
Management. Hrvatske Vode, Zagreb, 15-19 June 1998 [Bonacci, O. (ed.)]. Osijek,
Croatia, pp. 117–122.
Pfister, C., 1992: Monthly temperature and precipitation patterns in
Central Europe from 1525 to the present: a methodology for quantifying man-made
evidence on weather and climate. In: Climate since 1500 [Bradley, R.S. and P.D.
Jones (eds.)]. Routledge, London, United Kingdom, pp. 118–143.
Phillips, D.L., D. White, and B. Johnson, 1993: Implications of climate
change scenarios for soil erosion potential in the USA. Land Degradation and
Rehabilitation, 4, 61–72.
Plowman, J. (ed.), 1995: Biodiversity: The UK Steering Group Report,
Volume 1: Meeting the Rio Challenge. Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London,
United Kingdom, 81 pp.
Porter, J., 1995: The effects of climate change on the agricultural environment
for crop insect pests with particular reference to the European corn borer and
grain maize. In: Insects in a Changing Environment [Harrington, R. and N.E.
Stork (eds.)]. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 94–125.
Porter, J.H., M.L. Parry, and T.R. Carter, 1991: The potential effects
of climatic change on agricultural insect pests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,
57(1–3), 221–240.
Post, W.M., W.R. Emanuel, P.J. Zinke, and A.G. Stangenberger, 1982: Soil
carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298, 156–159.
Post, W.M., J. Pastor, P.J. Zinke, and A.G. Stangenberger, 1985: Global
patterns of soil nitrogen storage. Nature, 317, 613–616.
Pregitzer, K.S. and D. Atkinson, 1993: Impact of climate change on soil
processes and soil biological activity. BCPC Monograph, 56, 71–82.
Price, C., L. Stone, A. Huppert, B. Rajagopalan, and P. Alpert, 1998:
A possible link between El Niño and precipitation in Israel. Geophysical Research
Letters, 25, 3963–3966.
Proe, M.F., S.M. Allison, and K.B. Matthews, 1996: Assessment of the
impact of climate change on the growth of Sitka spruce in Scotland. Canadian
Journal of Forest Research, 26, 1914–1921.
Punda-Polic, V., S. Sardelic, and N. Bradaric, 1998: Visceral leishmaniasis
in southern Croatia. Lancet, 351, 188.
Pye, K. and J.R.L. Allen, 2000: Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology,
Geomorphology and Geoarchaelogy. Geological Society of London Special Publication,
London, United Kingdom, 96 pp.
Pye, K. and P.W. French, 1993: Targets for Coastal Habitat Recreation,
Research and Survey in Nature Conservation. No. 13, English Nature, Peterborough,
United Kingdom, 101 pp.
Randolph, S.E. and D.J. Rogers, 2001: Fragile transmission cycles of
tick-borne encephalitis virus may be distrupted by predicted climate change.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, (in press).
Raptsun, M., 1997: Country Study on Climate Change in Ukraine. US Country
Study Initiative, Kiev, Russia, 100 pp.
Rebetez, M. and M. Beniston, 1998: Changes in sunshine duration are correlated
with changes in daily temperature range this century: an analysis of Swiss climatological
data. Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 3611–3613.
Reilly, J., 1996: Agriculture in a changing climate: impacts and adaptation.
In: Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations, and Mitigation of Climate Change:
Scientific-Technical Analyses. Contribution of Working Group II to the Second
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Watson,
R.T., M.C. Zinyowera, and R.H. Moss (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 429–467.
Reynard, N.S., C. Prudhomme, and S. Crooks, 1998: The potential effects
of climate change on the flood characteristics of a large catchment in the UK.
In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water,
Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol.
1, pp. 320–332.
Riedo, M., D. Gyalistras, A. Fischlin, and J. Fuhrer, 1999: Using an
ecosystem model linked to GCM-derived local weather scenarios to analyse effects
of climate change and elevated CO2 on dry matter production and partitioning,
and water use in temperate managed forests. Climatic Change, 23, 213–223.
Rigg, K., A. Salman, D. Zanen, M. Taal, J. Kuperus, and J. Lourens, 1997:
Threats and Opportunities in the Coastal Areas of the European Union: a Scoping
Study. National Spatial Planning Agency, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning,
and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Rioux, J.A., J. Boulker, G. Lanotte, R. Killick-Hendrick, and A. Martini-Dumas,
1985: Ecologie des leishmanioses dans le sud de France, 21 influence de la temperature
sur le development de Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 chez Phlebotomus ariasi
Tonnoir, 1921; etude experimentale. Annales de Parasitologie, 60(3),
221–229.
Roberts, G., 1998: The effects of possible future climate change on evaporation
losses from four contrasting UK water catchment areas. Hydrological Processes,
12, 727–739.
Robinson, C.H., P.A. Wookey, A.N. Parsons, J.A. Potter, T.V. Callagnan,
J.A. Lee, M.C. Press, and J.M. Welker, 1995: Responses of plant litter decomposition
and nitrogen mineralisation to simulated environmental change in a high arctic
polar semi-desert and a subarctic dwarf shrub heath. Oikos, 74, 53–512.
Rodo, X., E. Baert, and F.A. Comin, 1997: Variations in seasonal rainfall
in Southern Europe during the present century: relationships with the North
Atlantic Oscillation and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Climate Dynamics,
13, 275–284.
Romero, R., C. Ramis, and J.A. Guijarro, 1999: Daily rainfall patterns
in the Spanish Mediterranean area: an objective classification. International
Journal of Climatology, 19, 95–112.
Rooney, C., A.J. McMichael, R.S. Kovats, and M. Coleman, 1998: Excess
mortality in England and Wales, and in Greater London, during the 1995 heatwave.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 52, 482–486.
Roosaare, J., 1998: Local-scale spatial interpretation of climate change
impact on river runoff in Estonia. In: Proceedings of the Second International
Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä,
R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 1, pp. 86–93.
Rosenberg, N.J., 1979: Windbreaks for reducing moisture stress. In: Modification
of the Aerial Environment of Plants [Barfield, B.J. and J.F. Gerber (eds.)].
American Society for Agricultural Engineering Monograph 2, pp. 394-408.
Rosenberg, N.J. and M.A. Tutwiler, 1988: Global climate change holds
problems and uncertainties for agriculture. In: US Agriculture in a Global Setting:
An Agenda for the Future [Tutwiler, M.A. (ed.)]. Resources for the Future, Washington,
DC, USA, pp. 203–218.
Rounsevell, M. and A. Imeson, 2000: Soil and land resources. In: Assessment
of Potential Effects and Adaptations for Climate Change in Europe: The Europe
ACACIA Project [Parry, M.L. (ed.)]. Jackson Environment Institute, University
of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 324 pp.
Rounsevell, M.D.A., 1993: A review of soil workability models and their
limitations in temperate regions. Soil Use and Management, 9(1), 15–21.
Rounsevell, M.D.A. and A.P. Brignall, 1994: The potential effects of
climate change on autumn soil tillage opportunities in England and Wales. Soil
and Tillage Research, 32, 275–289.
Rounsevell, M.D.A. and R.J.A. Jones, 1993: A soil and agroclimatic model
for estimating machinery work days: the basic model and climatic sensitivity.
Soil and Tillage Research, 26(3), 179–191.
Rounsevell, M.D.A., A.P. Brignall, and P.A. Siddons, 1996a: Potential
climate change effects on the distribution of agricultural grassland in England
and Wales. Soil Use and Management, 12, 44–51.
Rounsevell, M.D.A., P. Bullock, and J. Harris, 1996b: Climate change,
soils and sustainability. In: Soils and Sustainability and the Natural Heritage
[Taylor, A.G., J.E. Gordon, and M.B. Usher (eds.)]. Scottish Natural Heritage,
Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London, United Kingdom, pp. 121–139.
Rounsevell, M.D.A., S.P. Evans, and P. Bullock, 1999: Climate change
and agricultural soils: impacts and adaptation. Climatic Change, 43,
683–709.
Ryszkowski, L. and A. Kedziora, 1987: Impact of agricultural landscape
structure on energy flow and water cycling. Landscape Ecology, 1, 85–94.
Ryszkowski, L. and A. Kedziora, 1993: Agriculture and greenhouse effect.
Kosmos, 42, 123–149.
Ryszkowski, L, A. Kedziora, and J. Olejnik, 1990: Potential effects of
climate and land use changes on the water balance structure in Poland. In: Processes
of Change: Environmental Transformation and Future Patterns. Kluwer Academic
Publishers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 253–274.
Saarnio, S., T. Saarinen, H. Vasander, and J. Silvola, 2000: A moderate
increase in the annual CH4 efflux by raised CO2 or NH4NO3 supply
in a boreal oligotrophic mire. Global change Biology, 6(2), 137–144.
Saarnio, S. and J. Silvola, 1999: Effects of increased CO2
and N on CH4 efflux from a boreal mire: a growth chamber experiment. Oecologia,
119(3), 349–356.
Sælthun, N.R., P. Aittoniemi, S. Bergström, K. Einarsson, T. Jóhannesson,
G. Lindström, P.E. Ohlsson, T. Thomsen, B. Vehviläinen, and K.O. Aamodt, 1998:
Climate change impacts on runoff and hydropower in the Nordic countries. TemaNord,
552, 170.
Sætersdal, M. and H.J.B. Birks, 1997: A comparative ecological study
of Norwegian mountain plants in relation to possible future climatic change.
Journal of Biogeography, 24, 127–149.
Sanchez-Arcilla, A., J. Jimenez, and H.I. Valdemoro, 1998: The Ebro delta:
morphodynamics and vulnerability. Journal of Coastal Research, 14, 754–772.
Schellnhuber, H.J., W. Enke, and M. Flechsig, 1994: The Extreme Summer
of 1992 in Northern Germany. PIK Reports, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
Research, Potsdam, The Netherlands, Vol. 2, 98 pp.
Schenk, U., R. Manderscheid, J. Hugen, and H.J. Weigel, 1995: Effects
of CO2 enrichment and intraspecific competition on biomass partitioning,
nitrogen content and microbial biomass carbon in soil of perennial ryegrass
and white clover. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, 987–993.
Schindler, D.W. and P.J. Curtis, 1997: The role of DOC in protecting
freshwaters subjected to climatic warming and acidification from UV exposure.
Biogeochemistry, 36(1), 1–8.
Schindler, D.W., P.J. Curtis, B.R. Parker, and M.P. Stainton, 1996: Consequences
of climate warming and lake acidification for UV-B penetration in North American
boreal lakes. Nature, 379(6567), 705–708.
Schmidt, T., E. Kaas, and T.S. Li, 1998: Northeast Atlantic winter storminess
1875–1995 re-analysed. Climate Dynamics, 14, 529–536.
Second National Communication on Climate, 1997: UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change. Report, Ministry of the Environment, Bratislava, Slovakia,
98 pp.
Seidel, K., C. Ehrler, and J. Martinec, 1998: Effects of climate change
on water resources and runoff in an Alpine basin. Hydrological Processes, 12,
1659–1669.
Semenov, M.A. and J.R. Porter, 1995: Climatic variability and the modelling
of crop yields. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 73, 265–283.
Shaver, G.R., W.D. Billings, F.S. Chapin III, A.E. Giblin, K.J. Nadelhoffer,
W.C. Oechel, and E.B. Rastetter, 1992: Global change and the carbon balance
of arctic ecosystems. Bioscience, 42, 433–441.
Shvidenko, A., S. Venevsky, and S. Nilsson, 1996: Increment and Mortality
for Major Forest Species of Northern Eurasia with Variable Growing Stock. IIASA,
WP-96-98, Laxenburg,, Austria, 200 pp.
Sinclair, T.R. and N.G. Seligman, 1995: Global environment change and
simulated forage quality of wheat, I: nonstressed conditions. Field Crops Research,
40, 19–27.
Sirotenko, O.D., H.V. Abashina, and V.N. Pavlova, 1997: Sensitivity of
the Russian agriculture to changes in climate, CO2 and tropospheric
ozone concentration and soil fertility. Climatic Change, 26, 217–232.
Smith, J.B. and M. Hulme, 1998: Climate change scenarios. In: Handbook
on Methods of Climate Change Impacts Assessment and Adaptation Strategies [Feenstra,
J., I. Burton, J.B. Smith, and R.S.J. Tol (eds.)]. United Nations Environment
Program, IES, Version 2.0, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 310 pp.
Smith, J.B., S. Huq, S. Lenhart, L.J. Mata, I. Nemesová, and S. Toure,
1996: Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: Interim Results from the
U.S. Country Studies Program. J. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The
Netherlands, 366 pp.
Smith, J.B. and G.J. Pitts, 1997: Regional climate change scenarios for
vulnerability and adaptation assessments. Climatic Change, 36, 3–21.
Smith, P., O. Andren, L. Brussard, M. Dangerfield, K. Ekscmidt, P. Lavelle,
and K. Tate, 1998: Soil biota and global change at the ecosystem level: describing
soil biota in mathematical models. Global Change Biology, 4, 773–784.
Solantie, R., 1986: Hårda vindar och vindskador. Skogsbruket, 1,
12–14 (in Norwegian).
Spiecker, H., K. Mielikäinen, M. Köhl, and J. Skovsgaard, 1996: Growth
Trends in European Forests: Studies from 12 Countries. Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
Germany, 372 pp.
Stanescu, A.V., C. Corbus, V. Ungureanu, and M. Simota, 1998: Quantification
of the hydrological regime modification in the case of climatic changes. In:
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo,
Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 1, pp.
198–207.
Stanners, D. and P. Bourdeau, 1995: Europe’s Environment: The Dobris
Assessment. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen. Denmark, 385 pp.
Starosolszky, O. and B. Gauzer, 1998: Effect of precipitation and temperature
changes on the flow regime of The Danube River. In: Proceedings of the Second
International Conference on Climate and Water, Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August
1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol. 2, pp. 839–848.
Sterr, H. and F. Simmering, 1996: Die Küstenregionen im 21 Jahrhundert.
In: Beiträge zur Aktuellen Küstenforschung. Vechtaer Studien zur Angewandten
Geographie und Regionalwissenschaft (VSAG) [Sterr, H. and C. Preu (eds.)]. No.
18, Cologne, Germany, pp. 181–188 (in German).
Stott, P.A. and S.F.B. Tett, 1998: Scale-dependent detection of climate
change. Journal of Climate, 11, 3282–3294.
Straw, N.A., 1995: Climate change and the impact of the green spruce
aphid, Elatobium abictinum (Walker), in the UK. Scottish Forestry, 49,
134–145.
Swift, M.J., O. Andren, L. Bussard, M. Briones, M.M. Couteaux, K. Ekschmitt,
A. Kjoller, P. Loiseau, and P. Smith, 1998: Global change, soil biodiversity
and nitrogen cycling in terrestrial ecosystems: three case studies. Global Change
Biology, 4, 729–743.
Swiss Re, 1998: Sigma, Vol. 3. Economic Research, Swiss Reinsurance Company,
Zurich, Switzerland, 38 pp.
Sykes, M.T. and I.C. Prentice, 1996: Climate change, tree species distributions
and forest dynamics: a case study in the mixed conifer/northern hardwoods zone
of Northern Europe. Climatic Change, 34, 161–177.
Szolgay, J., 1997: Assessment of the potential impacts of climate change
on river runoff in Slovakia. Monographs of the Slovak National Climate Program,
6, 13–108 (in Slovak with English abstract).
Tälleklint, L. and T.G.T. Jaenson, 1998: Increasing geographical distribution
and density of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in central and northern Sweden.
Journal of Medical Entomology, 35, 521–526.
Talkkari, A. and H. Hypén, 1996: Development and assessment of a gap-type
model to predict the effects of climate change on forests based on spatial forest
data. Forest Ecology and Management, 83, 217–228.
Tapsell, S.M. and S.M. Tunstall, 2000: The health effects of floods:
a case study of the Easter 1998 floods in England. In: Floods [Parker, D.J.
(ed.)]. Routledge, London, United Kingdom, 181 pp.
Tarand, A. and T. Kallaste, 1998: Country Case Study on Climate Change
Impacts and Adaptation Assessments in the Republic of Estonia. Stockholm Environment
Institute, Tallinn Centre, and United Nations Environment Programme, Tallinn,
Estonia, 146 pp.
Theurillat, J.P., 1995: Climate change and the alpine flora: some perspectives.
In: Potential Ecological Impacts of Climate Change in the Alps and Fennoscandian
Mountains [Guisan, A., J.I. Holten, R. Spichiger, and L. Tessier (eds.)]. Conserv.
Jard. Bot., Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 121–127.
Theurillat, J.P., F. Felber, P. Geissler, J.M. Gobat, M. Fierz, A. Fischlin,
P. Kuipfer, A. Schlussel, C. Velutti, and G.F. Zhao, 1998: Sensitivity of plant
and soil ecosystems of the Alps to climate change. In: Views from the Alps:
Regional Perspectives on Climate Change [Cebon, P., U. Dahinden, H.C. Davies,
D. Imboden, and C.C. Jager, (eds.)]. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 192 pp.
Thornley, J.H.M. and M.G.R. Cannell, 1997: Temperate grassland responses
to climate change: an analysis using the Hurley pasture model. Annals of Botany,
80, 205–221.
Tinker, P.B. and P. Ineson, 1990: Soil organic matter and biology in
relation to climate change. In: Soils on a Warmer Earth [Scharpenseel, H.W.,
M. Schomaker, and A. Ayoub (eds.)]. Elsevier, London, United Kingdom, pp. 71–78.
Tomminen, J. and M. Nuorteva, 1987: Pine Nematodes. Report, Department
of Agricultural and Forest Zoology, University of Helsinki, Vol. 11, pp. 1–18.
Tooley, M. and S. Jelgersma (eds.), 1992: Impacts of Sea Level Rise on
European Coastal Lowlands. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Topp, C.F.E. and C.J. Doyle, 1996a: Simulating the impact of global warming
on milk and forage production in Scotland, part 1: the effects on dry-matter
yield of grass and grass-while clover swards. Agricultural Systems, 52,
213–242.
Topp, C.F.E. and C.J. Doyle, 1996b: Simulating the impact of global warming
on milk and forage production in Scotland, part 2: the effects on milk yields
and grazing management of dairy herds. Agricultural Systems, 52, 243–270.
Tsimplis, M.N. and T.F. Baker, 2000: Sea level drop in the Mediterranean
Sea: an indicator of deep water salinity and temperature changes? Geophysical
Research Letters, 27, 1731–1734.
Tuomenvirta, H., H. Alexandersson, A. Drebs, P. Frich, and P.O. Nordli,
1998: Trends in Nordic and Arctic Extreme Temperatures. DNMI Report No. 13/98,
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway, 37 pp.
Turner, R.K., P. Doktor, and W.N. Adger, 1995: Assessing the costs of
sea-level rise. Environment and Planning A, 27, 1777–1796.
UK Department of the Environment, 1996: Review of the Potential Effects
of Climate in the United Kingdom. Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London, United
Kingdom, 247 pp.
UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, 1995: Shoreline Management
Plans: A Guide for Coastal Defence Authorities. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries
and Food, The Welsh Office, Association of District Councils, English Nature
and the National Rivers Authority, London, United Kingdom, 24 pp.
USCP, 1994: Guidance for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment. U.S.
Country Studies Program, USCP Management Team, Washington DC, USA, 503 pp.
USEPA, 1989: The Potential Effects of Global Climate Change on the United
States: Appendix G, Health. Report No. EPA 230-05-89-057, Office of Policy,
Planning, and Evaluation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
DC, USA.
van Veen, J.A. and E.A. Paul, 1981: Organic carbon dynamics in grassland
soils, part 1: background information and computer simulations. Canadian Journal
of Soil Science, 61, 185–201.
Várallyay, G., 1994: Climate change, soil salinity and alkalinity. In:
Soil Responses to Climate Change [Rounsevell, M.D.A. and P.J. Loveland (eds.)].
NATO ASI Series 23, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 39–54.
Vehviläinen, B. and M. Huttunen, 1997: Climate change and water resources
in Finland. Boreal Environment Research, 2, 3–18.
Velichko, A.A., C.V. Krementski, O.K. Borisova, E.M. Zelikson, V.P. Nechaev,
and H. Faure, 1998: Estimates of methane emission during the last 125, 000 years
in Northern Eurasia. Global and Planetary Change, 16/17, 159–180.
von Storch, H. and H. Reichardt, 1997: A scenario of storm surge statistics
for the German Bight at the expected time of doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide
concentration. Journal of Climate, 10, 2653–2662.
WASA, 1998: Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic. Bulletin
of the American Meteorological Society, 79, 741–760.
WCRP, 1998: CLIVAR Initial Implementation Plan. No. 103, World Climate
Research Programme, Geneva, Switzerland, 81 pp.
Wheeler, T.R., R.H. Ellis, P. Hadley, J.I.L. Morison, G.R. Batts, and
A.J. Daymond, 1996: Assessing the effects of climate change on field crop production.
Aspects of Applied Biology, 45, 49–54.
White, S. and J.P. Martinez Rica, 1996: Evidence and implications of
climatic change in the Pyrenees. Annals of Geophysical Research, 2(14),
336.
Wick, L. and W. Tinner, 1997: Vegtation changes and timberline fluctuations
in the Central Alps as indicators of Holocene climate oscillations. Arctic and
Alpine Research, 29, 445–458.
Wolf, J., 1999: Modelling climate change impacts at the site scale on
soybean. In: Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe:
An Integrated Assessment [Butterfield, R.E., P.E. Harrison, and T.E. Downing
(eds.)]. Environmental Change Unit, Research Report No. 9, University of Oxford,
Oxford, United Kingdom, 110 pp.
Wolf, J., 2000a: Modelling climate change impacts at the site scale on
soybean. In: Climate Change, Climate Variability, and Agriculture in Europe:
An Integrated Assessment [Downing, T.E., P.A. Harrison, R.E. Butterfield, and
K.G. Lonsdale (eds.)]. Research Report 21, Environmental Change Unit, University
of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, pp. 103–116.
Wolf, J., 2000b: Modelling climate change impacts at the site scale on
potato. In: Climate Change, Climate Variability, and Agriculture in Europe:
An Integrated Assessment [Downing, T.E., P.A. Harrison, R.E. Butterfield, and
K.G. Lonsdale (eds.)]. Research Report 21, Environmental Change Unit, University
of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, pp. 135–154.
Wolf, J. and C.A. van Diepen, 1995: Effects of climate change on grain
maize yield potential in the European Community. Climatic Change, 29,
299–331.
Wood, C.M. and D.G. McDonald (eds.), 1997: Global Warming: Implications
for Freshwater and Marine Fish. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United
Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
Woodward, F.I., 1992: A review of the effects of the climate on vegetation:
ranges, competition, and composition. In: Global Warming and Biological Diversity
[Peters, R.L. and T.E. Lovejoy (eds.)]. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT,
USA, pp. 105–123.
World Bank, 1999: World Development Report 1998/1999. Knowledge for Development,
Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 113 pp.
Wulf, A. and E. Graser, 1996: Gypsy moth outbreaks in Germany and neighbouring
countries. Nachrichtenblatt Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes Braunschweig, 48,
265–269.
Xu, C., 1998: Hydrological responses to climate change in central Sweden.
In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Climate and Water,
Espoo, Finland, 17-20 August 1998 [Lemmelä, R. and N. Helenius (eds.)]. Vol.
1, pp. 188–197.
Zackrisson, O. and L. Östlund, 1991: Branden formade skoglandskapets
mosaik. Skog och Forskning, 4, 13–21 (in Norwegian).
Zalewski, M. and I. Wagner, 1995: Potential impact of global climate
warming on biological processes in reservoirs. Biblioteka Monitoringu Srodowiska,
177–188 (in Polish).
Zeidler, R.B., 1997: Climate change variability and response strategies
for the coastal zones of Poland. Climatic Change, 36, 151–173.
Zelikson, E.M., O.K. Borisova, C.V. Kremenetsky, and A.A. Velichko, 1998:
Phytomass and carbon storage during the Eemian optimum, late Weichselian maximum
and Holocene optimum in Eastern Europe. Global and Planetary Change, 16/17,
181–195.
|