10.6.3 Glaciers and Ice Caps

Glaciers and ice caps (G&IC, see also Section 4.5.1) comprise all land ice except for the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica (see Sections 4.6.1 and 10.6.4). The mass of G&IC can change because of changes in surface mass balance (Section 10.6.3.1). Changes in mass balance cause changes in area and thickness (Section 10.6.3.2), with feedbacks on surface mass balance.