6.4.1.2 Utilize active solar energy and other environmental heat sources and sinks

Active solar energy systems can provide electricity generation, hot water and space conditioning. The ground, ground water, aquifers and open bodies of water, and less so air, can be used selectively as heat sources or sinks, either directly or by using heat pumps. Space cooling methods that dissipate heat directly to natural heat sinks without the use of refrigeration cycles (evaporative cooling, radiative cooling to the night sky, earth-pipe cooling) can be used.

6.4.1.3 Increase efficiency of appliances, heating and cooling equipment and ventilation

The efficiency of equipment in buildings continues to increase in most industrialized and many developing countries, as it has over the past quarter-century. Increasing the efficiency – and where possible reducing the number and size – of appliances, lighting and other equipment within conditioned spaces reduces energy consumption directly and also reduces cooling loads but increases heating loads, although usually by lesser amounts and possibly for different fuel types.