Technology transfer between countries adds another dimension of complexity to the issues traditionally addressed in the context of technology transfer within countries. This includes, but is not limited to, a difference in the price, taxation and tariff policy, difference in technology and manufacturing cultures and standards, and barriers to imports. Additionally, there are just a few examples of programmes for technology transfer that have an explicit aim to facilitate the transfer of climate friendly technologies, and include an analysis of barriers, approaches on how to overcome them, and the specified roles of different stakeholders. One such example is the programme for technical cooperation agreement launched by the US (see Box 5.5 in Chapter 5).

The status of private power in developing countries is growing. Developing Countries are at various stages in allowing private investments in power production. Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, India, Jamaica, Mauritius, Mexico, Pakistan, the Philippines, Tanzania, Thailand and Turkey all have legislation governing the private production of power either pending or in force (Kozloff and Shobodale, 1994). Private sector share in the energy supply is growing in the CEITs too, as result of the deregulation of the electricity market, with Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic being the leaders in this process. This implies new and emerging opportunities for privately-driven technology transfer.

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