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18. Adaptation to Climate Change in the Context of Sustainable Development
and Equity
Contents
Executive Summary
18.1. Introduction: Adaptation and Adaptive Capacity
18.2. Adaptation Characteristics and Processes
18.2.1. Components and Forms of Adaptation
18.2.2. Climate Stimuli for Adaptation
18.2.3. Adaptation Types and Forms
18.2.4. Systems, Scales, and Actors
18.2.5. Processes and Evaluation of Adaptations
18.3. Future Adaptations
18.3.1. Possible Adaptation Measures
18.3.2. Impact Assessment Models
18.3.3. Models, Analogs, and Empirical Analysis of Autonomous Adaptation
18.3.4. Costs of Autonomous Adaptation
18.3.5. Lessons from Adaptation Experiences
18.4. Planned Adaptations and Evaluation of Policy Options
18.4.1. Rationale and Objectives for Planned Adaptations
18.4.2. Identification of Adaptation Policy Options
18.4.3. Evaluation of Adaptation Options and Adaptation Costs
18.4.4. Public Adaptation Decisions, Uncertainty, and
Risk Management
18.5. Adaptive Capacity and its Determinants
18.5.1. Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity
18.5.2. Determinants of Adaptive Capacity
18.5.2.1. Economic Resources
18.5.2.2. Technology
18.5.2.3. Information and Skills
18.5.2.4. Infrastructure
18.5.2.5. Institutions
18.5.2.6. Equity
18.5.3. Adaptive Capacity of Regions
18.6. Enhancing Adaptive Capacity
18.6.1. Adaptive Capacity and Sustainable Development
18.6.2. Capacity Enhancement by Scale
18.7. Sectoral and Regional Findings
18.8. Conclusions
References
Barry Smit (Canada) and Olga Pilifosova (Kazakhstan)
Lead Authors:
I. Burton (Canada), B. Challenger (Antigua and Barbuda), S. Huq (Bangladesh),
R.J.T. Klein (Germany/The Netherlands), G. Yohe (USA)
Contributing Authors:
N. Adger (UK), T. Downing (UK), E. Harvey (Canada), S. Kane (USA), M. Parry
(UK), M. Skinner (Canada), J. Smith (USA), J. Wandel (Canada)
Review Editors:
A. Patwardhan (India) and J.-F. Soussana (France)
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