1 Scope of the Report

1.1 Background
1.2 Broadening the Context of Climate Change Mitigation
1.3 Integrating the Various Perspectives

2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Scenarios

2.1 Scenarios
2.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation Scenarios
2.3 Global Futures Scenarios
2.4 Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
2.5 Review of Post-SRES Mitigation Scenarios

3 Technological and Economic Potential of Mitigation Options

3.1 Key Developments in Knowledge about Technological Options to Mitigate GHG Emissions in the Period up to 2010-2020 since the Second Assessment Report
3.2 Trends in Energy Use and Associated Greenhouse Gas Emissions
3.3 Sectoral Mitigation Technological Options

3.3.1 The Main Mitigation Options in the Buildings Sector
3.3.2 The Main Mitigation Options in the Transport Sector
3.3.3 The Main Mitigation Options in the Industry Sector
3.3.4 The Main Mitigation Options in the Agricultural Sector
3.3.5 The Main Mitigation Options in the Waste Management Sector
3.3.6 The Main Mitigation Options in the Energy Supply Sector
3.3.7 The Main Mitigation Options for Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons

3.4 The Technological and Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation: Synthesis

4 Technological and Economic Potential of Options to Enhance, Maintain, and Manage Biological Carbon Reservoirs and Geo-engineering

4.1 Mitigation through Terrestrial Ecosystem and Land Management
4.2 Social and Economic Considerations
4.3 Mitigation Options
4.4 Criteria for Biological Carbon Mitigation Options
4.5 Economic Costs
4.6 Marine Ecosystem and Geo-engineering

5 Barriers, Opportunities, and Market Potential of Technologies and Practices

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sources of Barriers and Opportunities
5.3 Sector- and Technology-specific Barriers and Opportunities

6 Policies, Measures, and Instruments

6.1 Policy Instruments and Possible Criteria for their Assessment
6.2 National Policies, Measures, and Instruments
6.3 International Policies and Measures
6.4 Implementation of National and International Policy Instruments

7 Costing Methodologies

7.1 Conceptual Basis
7.2 Analytical Approaches

7.2.1 Co-Benefits and Costs and Ancillary Benefits and Costs
7.2.2 Implementation Costs
7.2.3 Discounting
7.2.4 Adaptation and Mitigation Costs and the Link between Them

7.3 System Boundaries: Project, Sector, and Macro

7.3.1 Baselines
7.3.2 Consideration of No Regrets Option
7.3.3 Flexibility
7.3.4 Development, Equity, and Sustainability Issues

7.4 Special Issues Relating to Developing Countries and EITs
7.5 Modelling Approaches to Cost Assessment

8 Global, Regional, and National Costs and Ancillary Benefits

8.1 Introduction
8.2 Gross Costs of GHG Abatement in Technology-detailed Models
8.3 Costs of Domestic Policy to Mitigate Carbon Emissions
8.4 Distributional Effects of Carbon Taxes
8.5 Aspects of International Emission Trading
8.6 Ancillary Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
8.7 “Spillover” Effects from Actions Taken in Annex B on Non-Annex B Countries
8.8 Summary of the Main Results for Kyoto Targets
8.9 The Costs of Meeting a Range of Stabilization Targets
8.10 The Issue of Induced Technological Change

9 Sectoral Costs and Ancillary Benefits of Mitigation

9.1 Differences between Costs of Climate Change Mitigation Evaluated Nationally and by Sector
9.2 Selected Specific Sectoral Findings on Costs of Climate Change Mitigation

9.2.1 Coal
9.2.2 Oil
9.2.3 Gas
9.2.4 Electricity
9.2.5 Transport

9.3 Sectoral Ancillary Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
9.4 The Effects of Mitigation on Sectoral Competitiveness
9.5 Why the Results of Studies Differ

10 Decision Analytical Frameworks

10.1 Scope for and New Developments in Analyses for Climate Change Decisions
10.2 International Regimes and Policy Options
10.3 Linkages to National and Local Sustainable Development Choices
10.4 Key Policy-relevant Scientific Questions

11 Gaps in Knowledge


A Report of Working Group III
of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

This summary was accepted but not approved in detail at the Sixth Session of IPCC Working Group III (Accra, Ghana • 28 February - 3 March 2001). “Acceptance” of IPCC reports at a session of the Working Group or Panel signifies that the material has not been subject to line-by-line discussion and agreement, but nevertheless presents a comprehensive, objective, and balanced view of the subject matter.

Lead Authors:
Tariq Banuri (Pakistan), Terry Barker (UK), Igor Bashmakov (Russian Federation), Kornelis Blok (Netherlands), John Christensen (Denmark), Ogunlade Davidson (Sierra Leone), Michael Grubb (UK), Kirsten Halsnæs (Denmark), Catrinus Jepma (Netherlands), Eberhard Jochem (Germany), Pekka Kauppi (Finland), Olga Krankina (Russian Federation), Alan Krupnick (USA), Lambert Kuijpers (Netherlands), Snorre Kverndokk (Norway), Anil Markandya (UK), Bert Metz (Netherlands), William R. Moomaw (USA), Jose Roberto Moreira (Brazil), Tsuneyuki Morita (Japan), Jiahua Pan (China), Lynn Price (USA), Richard Richels (USA), John Robinson (Canada), Jayant Sathaye (USA), Rob Swart (Netherlands), Kanako Tanaka (Japan), Tomihiro Taniguchi (Japan), Ferenc Toth (Germany), Tim Taylor (UK), John Weyant (USA)

Review Editor:
Rajendra Pachauri (India)

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