Executive Summary

5.1. Factors that Determine Ground-Level Ultraviolet Irradiance

5.2. Comparison of Measured and Calculated Variabilities in UV Irradiance

5.3. Detectability of Changes in Ground-Level Irradiance

5.4. Calculated Impact of Aviation on UV at the Surface of the Earth

5.4.1. Methodology for Treating Changes in Atmospheric Ozone


5.4.1.1. Ozone Columns and Profiles

5.4.1.2. Method for Referring Calculated Changes to 1970

5.4.2. Results


5.4.2.1. Ozone Column Changes

5.4.2.2. Calculated Changes in Ozone Compared to Changes in UV

5.4.2.3. Treatment of Uncertainties in Ozone Change and UVery Change Calculations

5.4.2.4. Contribution of Persistent Contrails, Cirrus Clouds, and Aerosols to the Impact of Aviation on UV

5.5. Conclusions

References

KEITH R. RYAN AND JOHN E. FREDERICK

Lead Authors:
A.F. Bais, J.B. Kerr, B. Wu

Contributors:
R. Meerk�tter, I.C. Plumb

Review Editor:
C. Zerefos

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